Question: Which part of the nephron is responsible for the greatest possible increase in urine concentration?
Answer Choices:
• Bowman’s capsule
• proximal convoluted tubule
• collecting duct
• loop of Henle
Answer: collecting duct
Question: The ductus venosus is a shunt that allows
Answer Choices:
• fetal blood to flow from the right atrium to the left atrium
• fetal blood to flow from the right ventricle to the left ventricle
• most freshly oxygenated blood to flow into the fetal heart
• most oxygen-depleted fetal blood to flow directly into the fetal pulmonary trunk
Answer: most freshly oxygenated blood to flow into the fetal heart
Question: The buffer that is adjusted to control acid-base balance is ________
Answer Choices:
• plasma protein
• hemoglobin.
• phosphate buffer
• bicarbonate: carbonic acid buffer
Answer: bicarbonate: carbonic acid buffer
Question: Which of the following is a cause of metabolic acidosis?
Answer Choices:
• excessive HCI loss
• increased aldosterone
• diarrhea.
• prolonged use of diuretics
Answer: diarrhea.
Question: A drug is called an agonist if it ________
Answer Choices:
• blocks a receptor
• interferes with neurotransmitter reuptake
• acts like the endogenous neurotransmitter by binding to its receptor
• blocks the voltage-gated calcium ion channel
Answer: acts like the endogenous neurotransmitter by binding to its receptor
Question: Consuming which type of food will help the most with weight loss?
Answer Choices:
• fats
• vegetables
• lean meats
• fruits
Answer: vegetables
Question: The primary route for ion loss from the body is the ________ system.
Answer Choices:
• cardiovascular
• urinary
• respiratory
• integumentary
• digestive
Answer: urinary
Question: The body’s temperature is controlled by the __________ . This temperature is always kept between ________ .
Answer Choices:
• pituitary; 36.5-37.5°C
• hypothalamus; 97.7-99.5°F
• hypothalamus; 36.5-37.5°F
• pituitary; 97.7-99.5°F
Answer: hypothalamus; 97.7-99.5°F
Question: Excretion is a function of the body. Which of the following would be considered excretion?
Answer Choices:
• Movement of glucose from the kidney to the blood stream.
• Movement of salt from sweat glands to the surface of the skin.
• Movement of sodium from the intestines to the bloodstream.
• Movement of potassium from kidney cells into one’s urine.
Answer: Movement of potassium from kidney cells into one’s urine.
Question: Most body water is located
Answer Choices:
• in plasma.
• in lumens of organs open to the outside.
• in interstitial fluid.
• inside cells.
Answer: inside cells
Question: Which type of drug would be an antidote to atropine poisoning?
Answer Choices:
• nicotinic agonist
• anticholinergic
• muscarinic agonist
• a-blocker
Answer: muscarinic agonist