Question: According to Jeukendrup and Jenkins, what are the limiting factors that can lead to fatigue even with ingested carbohydrates being used during exercise?
Answer Choices: A. The liver may limit the amount of glucose released into the blood.
B. An increase in branched-chain amino acids is the factor.
C. A decrease in core body temperature is the factor.
D. The intestines’ inability to absorb the additional carbohydrate is the factor.
Answer: A. The liver may limit the amount of glucose released into the blood.
D. The intestines’ inability to absorb the additional carbohydrate is the factor.
Question: The glucose in cornstarch may be converted to the manufactured carbohydrate called:
Answer Choices: A. invert sugar.
B. high-fructose corn syrup.
C. confectioner’s sugar.
D. maltodextrin.
Answer: B. high-fructose corn syrup.
Question: Choose the statement that most accurately describes the conclusion of the analysis done on studies that looked at the effects of carbohydrate supplementation on athletic performance.
Answer Choices: A. There was a positive relationship between total exercise time and percent increase in performance, indicating that carbohydrate ingestion was more effective in longer tasks.
B. The mechanism through which carbohydrate improves performance does not change even though intensity and duration may be altered.
C. The type of carbohydrate consumed is important in longer exercise tasks.
Answer: A. There was a positive relationship between total exercise time and percent increase in performance, indicating that carbohydrate ingestion was more effective in longer tasks.
Question: Here is the correct matching for carbohydrate supplementation based on the level of activity:
Answer Choices: High-intensity exercise < 0.5 hr — ?
Intermittent team sports 1–1.5 hrs — ?
Prolonged endurance > 2.5 hrs — ?
Answer: High-intensity exercise < 0.5 hr — up to 60 grams per hour
Intermittent team sports 1–1.5 hrs — no carbohydrate supplementation is necessary
Prolonged endurance > 2.5 hrs — up to 90 grams per hour of multiple transportable carbohydrate
Question: What are the possible sources for glucose during exercise?
Answer Choices: A. blood glucose
B. adipose glycogen
C. liver glycogen
D. muscle glycogen
Answer: A. blood glucose
C. liver glycogen
D. muscle glycogen
Question: Choose the supplementation protocols that has been shown to produce the most improvement in performance.
Answer Choices: A. A carbohydrate-electrolyte solution during exercise
B. An amino acid supplementation during exercise
C. A high-carbohydrate meal 3 hours prior to performance
Answer: A. A carbohydrate-electrolyte solution during exercise
C. A high-carbohydrate meal 3 hours prior to performance
Question: Which of the following statements about fiber are true?
Answer Choices: A. Fiber is a substance found in plants.
B. Fiber can be digested by human enzymes.
C. Fiber is a complex carbohydrate.
D. Fiber may contain lignin or resistant starches.
Answer: A. Fiber is a substance found in plants.
C. Fiber is a complex carbohydrate.
D. Fiber may contain lignin or resistant starches.
Question: Carbohydrate supplementation during exercise helps to Blank______ during the later stages of the exercise.
Answer Choices: A. maintain blood glucose levels
B. reduce the psychological perception of effort
C. decrease lactate accumulation
Answer: A. maintain blood glucose levels
B. reduce the psychological perception of effort
Question: Fiber is considered a(n):
Answer Choices: A. amylose molecule
B. starch
C. complex carbohydrate
D. amylopectin molecule
Answer: C. complex carbohydrate
Question: What is the recommended carbohydrate supplementation during exercise for an athlete engaged in high-intensity exercise lasting less than 0.5 hours?
Answer Choices: A. 0 grams
B. 30 grams
C. 60 grams
D. 90 grams
Answer: A. 0 grams
Question: The process of breaking food into nutrients that can be absorbed is called Blank______.
Answer Choices: A. digestion
B. glycolysis
C. metabolism
Answer: A. digestion
Question: Choose the athletes that will benefit most from carbohydrate loading prior to a major competitive event.
Answer Choices: A. Body Builders
B. Sprinters
C. Cross country skiers
D. Long distance runners
Answer: C. Cross country skiers
D. Long distance runners
Question: Which of the following are symptoms of hypoglycemia?
Answer Choices: A. Fatigue
B. Cramping
C. Muscular weaknesses
D. Dizziness
Answer: A. Fatigue
C. Muscular weaknesses
D. Dizziness
Question: Muscle glycogen is the primary energy source for what type of exercise?
Answer Choices: A. strength training
B. prolonged high-intensity aerobic exercise
C. warm-up and cool-down exercise
D. prolonged moderately high-intensity aerobic exercise
Answer: B. prolonged high-intensity aerobic exercise
D. prolonged moderately high-intensity aerobic exercise
Question: Match the following terms to their correct definition.
Answer Choices: Fecundity — ?
Fertility — ?
Crude birth rate — ?
Total fertility rate — ?
Answer: Fecundity — The physical ability to reproduce
Fertility — The actual production of offspring
Crude birth rate — The number of births in a year per thousand persons
Total fertility rate — The number of children born to an average woman in a population during her entire reproductive life