Question: Which of the following statements is true regarding periprocedural bridging?

Answer Options:
A. Periprocedural bridging should be initiated when the patient’s VTE risk is low and bleed risk is high.
B. Periprocedural bridging requires prophylactic dosing of a short-acting anticoagulant.
C. Periprocedural bridging is utilized to minimize the risk of VTE when interrupting warfarin therapy.
D. Periprocedural bridging refers to giving a short-acting anticoagulant when DOAC therapy is interrupted.

Answer: C – Periprocedural bridging is utilized to minimize the risk of VTE when interrupting warfarin therapy.

 

Question: This DOAC is a direct inhibitor of factor Xa:

Answer Options:
A. Eptifibatide
B. Dabigatran
C. Apixaban
D. Andexxa

Answer: C – Apixaban

 

Question: For patients with hyperkalemia, administration of insulin will cause:

Answer Options:
A. Hyperglycemia
B. Hypercalcemia
C. Potassium to exit muscle cells
D. Potassium to reenter muscle cells

Answer: D – Potassium to reenter muscle cells

 

Question: Which of the following is not a risk factor for PAD?

Answer Options:
A. Chronic kidney disease
B. Dyslipidemia
C. Hypertension
D. Smoking

Answer: A – Chronic kidney disease

 

Question: Aspirin works as an antiplatelet (prevents the formation of Mr. Spikey) by which of the following mechanisms?

Answer Options:
A. Promotion of low cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels
B. Inhibition of thromboxane synthesis
C. Inhibition of factor Xa
D. Preventing fibrin from binding to GPIIb/IIIa receptors

Answer: B – Inhibition of thromboxane synthesis

 

Question: A patient presenting with left-sided weakness, visual field deficits, dysarthria, and the following CT (taken 2 hours after symptoms began) most likely has:

Answer Options:
A. Ischemic stroke of the MCA
B. Hemorrhagic stroke of the PCA
C. Hemorrhagic stroke of the MCA
D. Ischemic stroke of the PCA

Answer: A – Ischemic stroke of the MCA

 

Question: Last year JG scheduled an appointment with a primary care physician for the first time in 20 years after he learned that his older brother had a stroke at the age of 47. At the visit, JG stated that his brother’s stroke was a wake-up call and that he would like to improve his health so that he does not suffer from the same fate. He was diagnosed with gout and dyslipidemia and was also counseled to quit smoking. JG is now 43 years old and has presented to his physician’s office for a follow-up appointment. He has lost 20 pounds, quit drinking, quit smoking, and now has his gout and dyslipidemia under control through an improved lifestyle and medications. Which intervention has decreased JG’s risk of developing PAD the most?

Answer Options:
A. Weight loss
B. Gout treatment
C. Alcohol cessation
D. Smoking cessation

Answer: D – Smoking cessation

 

Question: Which of the following are appropriate initial treatments for a lower extremity DVT in a patient weighing 80 kg with normal renal function? Select all that apply.

Answer Options:
A. Dabigatran 150 mg po BID
B. Fondaparinux 7.5 mg subQ daily plus warfarin 5 mg po daily
C. Eliquis® 10 mg po BID x 7 days, then 5 mg po BID
D. Rivaroxaban 15 mg po BID x 21 days then 20 mg po daily
E. Lovenox® 40 mg subQ daily

Answer: B, C, D

B – Fondaparinux 7.5 mg subQ daily plus warfarin 5 mg po daily
C – Eliquis® 10 mg po BID x 7 days, then 5 mg po BID
D – Rivaroxaban 15 mg po BID x 21 days then 20 mg po daily

 

Question: Though its detection does not confirm the presence of a clot, DVT diagnosis can be assisted by the identification of crosslinked fibrin fragments known as:

Answer Options:
A. D-dimer
B. Protein C
C. Antithrombin
D. Thrombin

Answer: A – D-dimer

 

Question: The first step in the contact activation (intrinsic) clotting pathway is:

Answer Options:
A. The conversion of factor X to Xa.
B. The conversion of factor XII to XIIa.
C. The conversion of factor VII to VIIa.
D. The conversion of factor I to Ia.

Answer: B – The conversion of factor XII to XIIa.