Question: A nurse is assessing a group of children on the inpatient unit. Which patient should the nurse identify as having a chronic health disease?
Answer Options:
a. A 5-year-old child admitted with chickenpox
b. An infant admitted with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
c. A 16-year-old child admitted with depression
d. A 13-year-old child admitted with appendicitis
Answer: c. A 16-year-old child admitted with depression
Question: A mother brings her daughter to the clinic with concerns that her daughter’s gymnastics leotard fits baggily on one side of her bottom and the child’s right thigh looks quite odd compared with the other one. Which assessment question would provide the nurse the most important information?
Answer Options:
a. “Do her joints dislocate easily?”
b. “Does she fatigue easily?”
c. “Has your child been limping?”
d. “When did you see her in a swimsuit last?”
Answer: c. “Has your child been limping?”
Question: A school nurse is speaking with the parents of a child identified as possibly being at risk of suicide. Which action is the priority during the nursing assessment?
Answer Options:
a. Identify when the child first started struggling in school
b. Determine if the child has access to firearms in the home
c. Gather more information about the family dynamics and parenting styles
d. Educate the family on pharmacological interventions for suicidal ideation
Answer: b. Determine if the child has access to firearms in the home
Question: A parent calls the nursing call center stating that his child, who has a cast after surgical treatment of a clubfoot, is very fussy even after acetaminophen (Tylenol) administration and that the child’s toes seem cool. What advice does the nurse give the parent?
Answer Options:
a. “Elevate the affected extremity and apply ice for 20 minutes.”
b. “Make four cuts to the top of the cast, each about 1 inch long.”
c. “Take your child to the nearest emergency department now.”
d. “Try giving your child a dose of ibuprofen (Pediaprofen) instead.”
Answer: c. “Take your child to the nearest emergency department now.”
Question: A nurse is assessing a pediatric patient who has chronic renal failure. Which findings correlate with fluid volume excess? Select all that apply.
Answer Options:
a. “Slow, bounding pulse.”
b. “High hematocrit.”
c. “Crackles auscultated in lungs.”
d. “Low urine specific gravity.”
e. “Scaphoid abdomen.”
Answer: a. “Slow, bounding pulse,” c. “Crackles auscultated in lungs,” d. “Low urine specific gravity.”
Question: An adolescent patient is being discharged on anticonvulsant therapy. Which information should be included in the teaching plan for the family? Select all that apply.
Answer Options:
a. Do not leave the child alone until they are seizure-free for several months.
b. Avoid administering anticonvulsant medications with food.
c. Serum levels must be monitored prior to and throughout therapy.
d. The family should inform the child’s school nurse and teachers about the condition.
e. The child will not be able to drive while on anticonvulsant therapy.
Answer: a. Do not leave the child alone until they are seizure-free for several months, c. Serum levels must be monitored prior to and throughout therapy, d. The family should inform the child’s school nurse and teachers about the condition, e. The child will not be able to drive while on anticonvulsant therapy.
Question: A client with dehydration is seen in the clinic. Which finding best supports fluid volume deficiency?
Answer Options:
A) increased skin turgor, B) increased urine osmolality, C) decreased serum osmolality, D) distended neck veins
Answer: B) increased urine osmolality
Question: A client who weighs 68 kg is to receive dopamine IV at 8 mcg/kg/min. Calculate the flow rate in mL/hr.
Answer Options:
Calculation required
Answer: 0.7 mL/hr
Question: The nurse is caring for a client who is being treated for ovarian cancer. The client has been receiving chemotherapy. What is the priority concept for the client?
Answer Options:
A) Nutrition, B) Infection, C) Fatigue, D) Pain
Answer: B) Infection
Question: A client has a serum calcium level of 7.2 mg/dl. Which test would the nurse conduct to assess for tetany due to the calcium level?
Answer Options:
A) Babinski’s sign, B) Allen’s sign, C) Brudzinski’s sign, D) Chvostek’s sign
Answer: D) Chvostek’s sign
Question: A client with a history of alcohol abuse is admitted with acute pancreatitis. What is the most likely explanation?
Answer Options:
A) Steatorrhea, B) Pancreatic pseudocyst, C) Autodigestion of the pancreas, D) Delayed activation of pancreatic enzymes
Answer: C) Autodigestion of the pancreas
Question: The nurse is caring for a client with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Which assessment findings would be a priority for the nurse?
Answer Options:
A) persistent cough, B) boutonniere deformity of the thumb, C) low-grade fever, D) loss of appetite
Answer: B) boutonniere deformity of the thumb
Question: A client with Addison disease presents with a decline in systolic blood pressure and an increase in heart rate. Which two actions would the nurse implement?
Answer Options:
A) administer morphine, B) administer premixed potassium, C) start infusion of 5% dextrose in 0.9% sodium chloride, D) administer prescribed hydrocortisone
Answer: C) start infusion of 5% dextrose in 0.9% sodium chloride, D) administer prescribed hydrocortisone
Question: A client with acute kidney injury has a serum potassium level of 6.2 mEq/L. Select the three priority interventions the nurse would take.
Answer Options:
A) Anticipate in administering furosemide, B) Review the client’s medications to determine whether any contain or retain potassium, C) Put the client on NPO status except for ice chips, D) Place the client on a cardiac monitor
Answer: A) Anticipate in administering furosemide, B) Review the client’s medications to determine whether any contain or retain potassium, D) Place the client on a cardiac monitor
Question: A client was prescribed ampicillin 1000 mg IV. Calculate the gtt/min to be infused over 2 hr.
Answer Options:
Calculation required
Answer: 31 gtt/min
Question: Which assessment finding would alert the nurse that a client is experiencing hyperkalemia following adrenalectomy?
Answer Options:
A) tremors, B) tetany, C) diaphoresis, D) muscle weakness
Answer: D) muscle weakness
Question: A client presents to the clinic with symptoms suggestive of hypothyroidism. Which laboratory assessment does the nurse expect?
Answer Options:
A) elevated parathormone, B) elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone, C) decreased adrenocorticotropic hormone, D) decreased thyroid-stimulating hormone
Answer: B) elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone
Question: A client presents with symptoms of IBS. Which statement made by the nurse is correct?
Answer Options:
A) “Bloating is often reduced with dairy products”, B) “People with IBS struggle with losing weight”, C) “You should not take daily fiber supplements with IBS”, D) “Stress management is important to control symptoms”
Answer: D) “Stress management is important to control symptoms”
Question: The nurse is reviewing a client’s record noted with chronic kidney disease. Which laboratory result is expected?
Answer Options:
A) elevated creatinine level, B) increased white blood cell count, C) decreased red blood cell count, D) increased hemoglobin
Answer: A) elevated creatinine level
Question: Which action by the client indicates an understanding of secondary prevention for cancer?
Answer Options:
A) “I do not need to worry about melanoma since my moles are protected by the sun”, B) “I can do the mail order for fecal occult blood test even though I have a history of colon polyps”, C) “My husband who is 50 years old does not need a prostate exam since there is no family history of cancer”, D) “I need to wait 7 days after I start my period to do a self breast exam”
Answer: B) “I can do the mail order for fecal occult blood test even though I have a history of colon polyps”
Question: The nurse is caring for a client admitted with bowel obstruction. Which acid-base imbalance is the client most likely in?
Answer Options:
A) respiratory acidosis without compensation, B) metabolic alkalosis with compensation, C) metabolic alkalosis without compensation, D) metabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation
Answer: C) metabolic alkalosis without compensation
Question: The nurse is caring for a client one day post-operative for above-knee amputation. What is the most appropriate action by the nurse if the compression bandage comes off?
Answer Options:
A) apply a dry, sterile dressing and elevate the residual limb on 1 pillow, B) apply ice to the site, C) call the healthcare provider, D) rewrap the limb with an elastic compression bandage in a figure-eight from distal to proximal
Answer: D) rewrap the limb with an elastic compression bandage in a figure-eight from distal to proximal
Question: A client who weighs 54 kg is prescribed epinephrine 0.5 mcg/kg/min IV infusion. Calculate the mL/hr the client would be receiving.
Answer Options:
Calculation required
Answer: 0.7 mL/hr
Question: Which two laboratory findings are most consistent with rheumatoid arthritis?
Answer Options:
A) Negative immunoglobulin G (IgG), B) Elevated antinuclear antibody (ANA), C) Positive immunoglobulin E (IgE), D) Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
Answer: B) Elevated antinuclear antibody (ANA), D) Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
Question: A client presents with alternating episodes of constipation and diarrhea with abdominal cramping diagnosed with IBS. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse?
Answer Options:
A) “Bloating is often reduced with dairy products”, B) “People with IBS struggle with losing weight”, C) “You should not take daily fiber supplements with IBS”, D) “Stress management is important to control symptoms”
Answer: D) “Stress management is important to control symptoms”
Question: A client with Addison’s disease presents with abdominal pain and a decline in systolic blood pressure. Which two actions would the nurse implement?
Answer Options:
A) administer morphine, B) administer premixed potassium, C) start infusion of 5% dextrose in 0.9% sodium chloride, D) administer prescribed hydrocortisone
Answer: C) start infusion of 5% dextrose in 0.9% sodium chloride, D) administer prescribed hydrocortisone