Question: Which of the following is an inductive argument?
Answer Choices:
a. An argument from analogy.
b. A categorical syllogism.
c. A consequent.
d. A piece of advice.
e. An argument from definition.
Answer: a. An argument from analogy.
Question: Which of the following is a necessary condition for cooking an egg?
Answer Choices:
a. Boiling it.
b. Raising its temperature.
c. Frying it.
d. Poaching it.
e. Breaking its shell.
Answer: b. Raising its temperature.
Question: Which of the following is a sufficient condition for being a bird?
Answer Choices:
a. Having a tail.
b. Being a canary.
c. Laying eggs.
d. Being able to fly.
e. Having a brain.
Answer: b. Being a canary.
Question: If a deductive argument has a false premise and a true conclusion, then we know:
Answer Choices:
a. It is sound.
b. It is strong.
c. It is valid.
d. It is invalid.
e. Nothing as such about its validity.
Answer: e. Nothing as such about its validity.
Question: If a deductive argument has all true premises and a false conclusion, then we know:
Answer Choices:
a. It is invalid.
b. It is cogent.
c. It is valid.
d. It is sound.
Answer: a. It is invalid.
Question: Which of the following statements has primarily cognitive meaning?
Answer Choices:
a. Private insurance companies regularly overbill the Medicare program.
b. From what I saw last night, it’s clear that your little brother is a brat.
c. Justin Timberlake’s latest CD is positively stunning.
d. Professor Gibson delivered a moronic lecture today on Plato’s metaphysics.
e. Everyone with a functioning brain rejects religious fundamentalism.
Answer: a. Private insurance companies regularly overbill the Medicare program.
Question: Which of the following statements expresses a value claim?
Answer Choices:
a. Animal rights groups argue that live animals should not be used as mascots.
b. The recent jobs report raised fears of a recession among Wall Street investors.
c. Piracy continues to be a drag on the motion picture industry.
d. The Los Angeles Times is a better paper than the San Francisco Chronicle.
e. Diabetes poses a serious threat to the health of the elderly.
Answer: d. The Los Angeles Times is a better paper than the San Francisco Chronicle.
Question: Which of the following statements is vague?
Answer Choices:
a. Tahiti is located in French Polynesia.
b. American workers are more productive than the workers in any other country.
c. Art work at the Genesis gallery tends to be expensive.
d. Mabel shot her husband while taking a bath.
e. Polar bears are threatened by global warming.
Answer: c. Art work at the Genesis gallery tends to be expensive.
Question: Which of the following statements is ambiguous?
Answer Choices:
a. Anniversaries are usually occasions for celebration.
b. Homes in the new River Front development are reasonably priced.
c. The Thanksgiving holiday always occurs in November.
d. Boalt Hall is part of the University of California.
e. Professor Hays talked about sex in the seminar room.
Answer: e. Professor Hays talked about sex in the seminar room.
Question: The following dispute: Jane: Professor Barker said he spent the entire day teaching. He must be exhausted. Ken: That’s impossible. Professor Barker’s students are incapable of learning, and if there’s no learning, then there’s no teaching. is best described as:
Answer Choices:
a. Factual.
b. Verbal arising from ambiguity.
c. Legal.
d. Fundamental.
e. Verbal arising from vagueness.
Answer: b. Verbal arising from ambiguity.
Question: The following dispute: Bill: Finally our football team seems to be on track. They beat their opponents last night by 14 points. Greg: That’s not right. They beat them by only 10 points. is best described as:
Answer Choices:
a. Verbal arising from vagueness.
b. Emotional.
c. Verbal arising from ambiguity.
d. Factual.
e. Dispositional.
Answer: d. Factual.
Question: Which of the following words is a term?
Answer Choices:
a. Opportunity.
b. Again.
c. Beyond the horizon.
d. Everywhere but here.
e. Sloppily reasoned.
Answer: a. Opportunity.
Question: Which of the following are all denoted by the term “Coin”?
Answer Choices:
a. Round, metallic, shiny, valuable.
b. American, Canadian, French, German.
c. Dime, nickel, quarter, penny.
d. Gold, silver, copper, zinc.
e. Government, nation, figurehead.
Answer: c. Dime, nickel, quarter, penny.
Question: Which of the following are all connoted by the term “actress”?
Answer Choices:
a. Television, radio, stage, screen.
b. Empathic, talented, intuitive, perceptive.
c. Nicole Kidman, Helen Hunt, Christina Aguilera, Angelina Jolie.
d. Drama, comedy, documentary, horror.
e. Wealthy, popular, admired, followed.
Answer: b. Empathic, talented, intuitive, perceptive.
Question: Which of the following terms have the same extension?
Answer Choices:
a. Tiger Woods, Peyton Manning.
b. Offensive player, defensive player.
c. Edgar Allen Poe, author of the Iliad.
d. Pitcher, catcher.
e. Tooth fairy, leprechaun.
Answer: e. Tooth fairy, leprechaun.
Question: Which of the following groups of terms is in the order of decreasing extension?
Answer Choices:
a. Carbonated soft drink, drink, soft drink Pepsi.
b. Soft drink, carbonated soft drink, Pepsi, drink.
Answer: a. Carbonated soft drink, drink, soft drink Pepsi.
Question: Which of the following groups of terms is in the order of decreasing intension?
Answer Choices:
a. Magazine, news magazine, Newsweek, publication.
b. Publication, magazine, news magazine, Newsweek.
c. Newsweek, news magazine, magazine, publication.
d. News magazine, Newsweek, publication, magazine.
e. News magazine, publication, magazine, Newsweek.
Answer: c. Newsweek, news magazine, magazine, publication.
Question: Which of the following are both intensional definitions?
Answer Choices:
a. Etymological, definition by genus and difference.
b. Synonymous definition, demonstrative definition.
c. Definition by genus and difference, enumerative definition.
d. Demonstrative definition, definition by subclass.
e. Ostensive definition, etymological definition.
Answer: a. Etymological, definition by genus and difference.
Question: Which of the following are both extensional definitions?
Answer Choices:
a. Ostensive definition, definition by genus and difference.
b. Definition by subclass, enumerative definition.
c. Operational definition, synonymous definition.
d. Demonstrative definition, definition by subclass.
e. Etymological definition, definition by subclass.
Answer: b. Definition by subclass, enumerative definition.
Question: In the definition “Channel means a navigable route between two bodies of water” the definiens is:
Answer Choices:
a. Between two bodies of water.
b. Route.
c. Channel.
d. Navigable.
e. Navigable route between two bodies of water.
Answer: e. Navigable route between two bodies of water.