Question: These steps are about how to create a herd of goats that can produce human anti-thrombin in their milk. Which of these options lists the steps of creating these goats in the correct order?
Answer Options: Implant the fertilized egg into a surrogate goat; If the transgenic goat kid is female, test for anti-thrombin in her milk; Milk the transgenic female goats and purify the anti-thrombin for sale; Identify the gene that encodes anti-thrombin in humans; Transfect or inject the DNA into a goat egg. Identify the gene that encodes anti-thrombin in humans; Transfect or inject the DNA into a goat egg; Implant the fertilized egg into a surrogate goat; If the transgenic goat kid is female, test for anti-thrombin in her milk; Milk the transgenic female goats and purify the anti-thrombin for sale. Identify the gene that encodes anti-thrombin in humans; Transfect or inject the DNA into a goat egg; Implant the fertilized egg into a surrogate goat; If the transgenic goat kid is female, test for anti-thrombin in her milk; Milk the transgenic female goats and purify the anti-thrombin for sale; Identify the gene that encodes anti-thrombin in humans. Implant the fertilized egg into a surrogate goat; If the transgenic goat kid is female, test for anti-thrombin in her milk; Milk the transgenic female goats and purify the anti-thrombin for sale; Transfect or inject the DNA into a goat egg; Identify the gene that encodes anti-thrombin in humans. Correct Answer: Identify the gene that encodes anti-thrombin in humans; Transfect or inject the DNA into a goat egg; Implant the fertilized egg into a surrogate goat; If the transgenic goat kid is female, test for anti-thrombin in her milk; Milk the transgenic female goats and purify the anti-thrombin for sale.
Question: “Ruconest is a treatment for genetic disorder called HAE and the active ingredient in Ruconest is made by genetically-modified rabbits.” The preceding statement is…
Answer Options: True False Correct Answer: True
Question: “The active ingredient in Beano (a dietary supplement that reduces the production of gas/flatulence in our bodies when we eat bean-rich meals) is an enzyme.” The preceding statement is…
Answer Options: True False Correct Answer: True
Question: Which of the following is a definition of a chemical reaction?
Answer Options: A catalyst that is not an enzyme. The inevitable and rapid result of two chemicals being brought within an inch of each other. When one or more reactants are transformed into one or more products. An explosion. Correct Answer: When one or more reactants are transformed into one or more products.
Question: “When a catalyst is used in a reaction, it does not change what the final product of the reaction is.” The preceding statement is…
Answer Options: True False Correct Answer: True
Question: Why is the shape of an enzyme important?
Answer Options: The shape dictates which substrates an enzyme can bind to. The shape determines the product that is made. Enzymes have to be stackable in the cell, to save space. Some shapes can work faster than others. Correct Answer: The shape dictates which substrates an enzyme can bind to.
Question: If you wanted to catalyze four unique chemical reactions, how many enzymes would you typically need?
Answer Options: Four, because most enzymes bind to only a single specific substrate or set of substrates, analogous to a ‘lock and key’. Two, because each enzyme can usually bind to two different substrates in what is known as an ‘induced fit’. Eight, to bind to the four substrates and four products. One, because enzymes can recognize a wide variety of substrates and will catalyze different reactions depending on what substrate they bind. Correct Answer: Four, because most enzymes bind to only a single specific substrate or set of substrates, analogous to a ‘lock and key’.
Question: “As illustrated in the graph below, while an enzyme’s activity generally increases with increasing temperature, it is also denatured at high temperatures.” The preceding statement is…
Answer Options: True False Correct Answer: True
Question: What is a metabolic pathway?
Answer Options: The direction in which a chemical reaction occurs. A chemical reaction where one product is produced by multiple different types of enzymes at the same time. Correct Answer: A chemical reaction where one product is produced by multiple different types of enzymes at the same time.
Question: “Since it is hard to farm spiders to harvest their silk, scientists have found a way to produce the protein that makes up spider silk in the milk of genetically-modified goats.” The preceding statement is…
Answer Options: True False Correct Answer: True
Question: Which conclusion could NOT be made solely from the data presented in the graph below?
Answer Options: Aquaculture in inland waters has been steadily increasing since about 2000. Most captured fish are caught in marine waters. As of 2018, aquaculture contributed about half the total global fish production. People prefer to eat wild-captured fish. Correct Answer: People prefer to eat wild-captured fish.
Question: “Aquaculture is the process of dropping fish food into the open ocean, to promote the growth of wild fish that can later be caught by workers on fishing boats.” The preceding statement is…
Answer Options: True False Correct Answer: False
Question: Aquaculture is promoted by some people as a sustainable alternative to conventional commercial fishing. However, some forms of aquaculture are not particularly sustainable because of the environmental consequences. Which of these is a true ‘pro’ or ‘con’ of one or more forms of aquaculture, as covered in this course?
Answer Options: The antibiotics used to treat diseased fish being farmed in net pens/cages in natural waterways also help treat the local wild fish, which improves the health of the local ecosystem. Fish grown in land-based aquaculture take about twice as long to reach maturity as do wild fish. The waste from animals reared in cages in natural waterways is beneficial for the local environment because it promotes algae growth. Aquaculture has the potential to solve some of the problems related to wild-caught fishing, such as the unintentional capture of ‘by-catch’ animals that include turtles, whales, and dolphins. Correct Answer: The waste from animals reared in cages in natural waterways can pollute the local environment.
Question: “The AquaAdvantage genetically-engineered salmon are sterile because they are triploid, meaning they have three copies of each chromosome.” The preceding statement is…
Answer Options: True False Correct Answer: True
Question: AquaBounty, the company that grows AquaAdvantage salmon, claims to have put many safeguards in place to ensure that their genetically-engineered fish do not escape into the wild. Which of the following is NOT one of these safeguards, as discussed in this course?
Answer Options: The facilities where the genetically-engineered salmon are raised are equipped with multiple barriers and measures to prevent the fish from escaping. The genetically-engineered salmon are grown in land-based aquaculture systems, far from natural waterways. The genetically-engineered salmon have been engineered to grow faster and larger than wild salmon, making them easier to identify and capture if they escape. The genetically-engineered salmon are sterile, so even if they escape, they cannot breed with wild fish populations. Correct Answer: The genetically-engineered salmon have been engineered to grow faster and larger than wild salmon, making them easier to identify and capture if they escape.
Question: “Since it is hard to farm spiders to harvest their silk, scientists have found a way to produce the protein that makes up spider silk in the milk of genetically-modified goats.” The preceding statement is…
Answer Options: True False Correct Answer: True
Question: Which conclusion could NOT be made solely from the data presented in the graph below?
Answer Options: Aquaculture in inland waters has been steadily increasing since about 2000. Most captured fish are caught in marine waters. As of 2018, aquaculture contributed about half the total global fish production. People prefer to eat wild-captured fish. Correct Answer: People prefer to eat wild-captured fish.
Question: “Aquaculture is the process of dropping fish food into the open ocean, to promote the growth of wild fish that can later be caught by workers on fishing boats.” The preceding statement is…
Answer Options: True False Correct Answer: False
Question: Aquaculture is promoted by some people as a sustainable alternative to conventional commercial fishing. However, some forms of aquaculture are not particularly sustainable because of the environmental consequences. Which of these is a true ‘pro’ or ‘con’ of one or more forms of aquaculture, as covered in this course?
Answer Options: The antibiotics used to treat diseased fish being farmed in net pens/cages in natural waterways also help treat the local wild fish, which improves the health of the local ecosystem. Fish grown in land-based aquaculture take about twice as long to reach maturity as do wild fish. The waste from animals reared in cages in natural waterways is beneficial for the local environment because it promotes algae growth. Aquaculture has the potential to solve some of the problems related to wild-caught fishing, such as the unintentional capture of ‘by-catch’ animals that include turtles, whales, and dolphins. Correct Answer: The waste from animals reared in cages in natural waterways can pollute the local environment.