Question: An acid is a proton donor while a base is a proton acceptor.

Answer Options:

A. Donor
B. Acceptor

Answer: True (A. Donor and B. Acceptor)

 

Question: Two atoms are sharing electrons so they can fill their valence shells. Since they are sharing electrons, this is known as a (Select). One atom has 1 electron in its valence shell. In order to have a full valence shell, it donates it to another atom that could use an another electron in its valence shell. This complete transfer of an electron from one atom to another makes the two atoms involved charged. The opposite charges like to stick together and this is known as (Select).

Answer Options:

A covalent bond An ionic bond

Answer: A covalent bond; An ionic bond

 

Question: The bonds that arise within a water molecule are known as ___________.

Answer Options:

A. Covalent bonds
B. Hydrogen bonds
C. Ionic bonds
D. Van der Waals interactions

Answer: A. Covalent bonds

 

Question: Which of the following is not a component of DNA?

Answer Options:

A. 5′ carbon sugars
B. Phosphate groups
C. The pyrimidine, uracil
D. The purine, adenine

Answer: C. The pyrimidine, uracil

 

Question: The bonds that hold two complementary strands of DNA together are _______.

Answer Options:

A. Phosphodiester linkages
B. Ionic bonds
C. Peptide bonds
D. Hydrogen bonds

Answer: D. Hydrogen bonds

 

Question: One common feature of all DNA polymerases is that they __________.

Answer Options:

A. Synthesize DNA in the 5′ to 3′ direction
B. Synthesize DNA in the 3′ to 5′ direction
C. Do not require a primer
D. Synthesize DNA in both directions by switching strands

Answer: A. Synthesize DNA in the 5′ to 3′ direction

 

Question: Which of the following proteins unwinds the double helix and breaks bonds that keep these strands together in order to do so?

Answer Options:

A. DNA Polymerase III
B. DNA Ligase
C. DNA Polymerase I
D. DNA Helicase
E. Topoisomerase

Answer: D. DNA Helicase

 

Question: Which of the following DNA repair mechanisms is used to repair DNA damage?

Answer Options:

A. DNA Polymerase III
B. Mismatch repair
C. Homologous recombination
D. Non-homologous end joining

Answer: B. Mismatch repair

 

Question: The number of unpaired electrons found in an atom is called its __________.

Answer Options:

A. Electronegativity
B. Orbital
C. Valence shell
D. Valence

Answer: D. Valence

 

Question: The electronegativity of nitrogen (N) is less than the electronegativity of oxygen (O) and more than the electronegativity of hydrogen (H). Rank the electronegativity of carbon (C) based on the electronegativity of hydrogen (H) and nitrogen (N).

Answer Options:

A. C < N < O
B. C < H < N
C. H < C < N
D. H < N < C

Answer: C. H < C < N

 

Question: An acid is a proton donor while a base is a proton acceptor.

Answer Options:

A. Donor
B. Acceptor

Answer: True (A. Donor and B. Acceptor)

 

Question: Two atoms are sharing electrons so they can fill their valence shells. Since they are sharing electrons, this is known as a (Select). One atom has 1 electron in its valence shell. In order to have a full valence shell, it donates it to another atom that could use an another electron in its valence shell. This complete transfer of an electron from one atom to another makes the two atoms involved charged. The opposite charges like to stick together and this is known as (Select).

Answer Options:

A covalent bond An ionic bond

Answer: A covalent bond; An ionic bond

 

Question: The bonds that arise within a water molecule are known as ___________.

Answer Options:

A. Covalent bonds
B. Hydrogen bonds
C. Ionic bonds
D. Van der Waals interactions

Answer: A. Covalent bonds

 

Question: Which of the following are similarities between the structure and function of mitochondria and chloroplasts? Mark all that apply.

Answer Options:

A. They both create internal proton gradients by electron transport.
B. They both generate CO2 by oxidation reactions.
C. They both have a double membrane system.
D. They both generate oxygen.

Answer: A. They both create internal proton gradients by electron transport. C. They both have a double membrane system.

 

Question: Plants commonly found in a hot and dry environment that carry out carbon fixation at night are __________.

Answer Options:

A. Oak trees
B. Plants that contain only accessory pigments
C. CAM plants
D. C3 plants

Answer: C. CAM plants

 

Question: Which of the following are similarities between the structure and function of mitochondria and chloroplasts? Mark all that apply.

Answer Options:

A. They both create internal proton gradients by electron transport.
B. They both generate CO2 by oxidation reactions.
C. They both have a double membrane system.
D. They both generate oxygen.

Answer: A. They both create internal proton gradients by electron transport. C. They both have a double membrane system.

 

Question: Plants commonly found in a hot and dry environment that carry out carbon fixation at night are __________.

Answer Options:

A. Oak trees
B. Plants that contain only accessory pigments
C. CAM plants
D. C3 plants

Answer: C. CAM plants