Question: Using the International Phonetic Alphabet, is it possible to record any of the sounds of all of the known languages using approximately how many sound symbols?
A) 50
B) 100
C) 500
D) 1,000
Answer: B) 100
Question: Which of the following is NOT true of Victor Turner’s concept of communitas?
A) It is a sense of fellowship that poses no threat to the social order.
B) It is typically a temporary state.
C) It challenges the basic system of social hierarchy, rank, and power differences within society.
D) It is potentially dangerous and disruptive to society.
Answer: A) It is a sense of fellowship that poses no threat to the social order.
Question: Which of the following best describes the major trend of anthropology since World War II?
A) There has been increasing specialization within the subfields of anthropology.
B) There has been a decline in cross-cultural comparative research.
C) Culture and personality studies are now the central work of anthropology.
D) There has been a fundamental shift of anthropology toward applied works.
Answer: A) There has been increasing specialization within the subfields of anthropology.
Your Answer: C) Culture and personality studies are now the central work of anthropology. (Incorrect)
Question: Employment in anthropology exists:
A) almost exclusively in colleges and universities.
B) in government, private research organizations, museums, and corporations.
C) mostly in museums.
D) mostly in private research organizations.
Answer: B) in government, private research organizations, museums, and corporations.
Question: The phrase “ethnic group” refers to ________.
Answer Choices:
A) a group that has adopted a social identity based on racial characteristics.
B) a group identity that is forced onto people by the dominant social majority.
C) a group that has adopted a social identity based on a shared cultural heritage.
Answer: C) a group that has adopted a social identity based on a shared cultural heritage.
Question: By the 1870s most miners ______.
A) continued to prospect on their own.
B) had switched to cattle ranching.
C) worked for corporations.
D) had become millionaires.
Answer: C) worked for corporations
Question: Cross-cultural studies of gender roles show that men, but not women, typically do all of the following activities EXCEPT:
A) spinning yarn
B) caring for small animals
C) woodworking
D) hunting
Answer: A) spinning yarn
Question: In the US, Irish male immigrants used to be perceived as ________.
Answer Choices:
A) musical
B) intelligent
C) hard-working
D) violent
Answer: D) violent
Question: According to Otterbein, warfare involves greater mortality when the:
A) groups involved had weakly organized military organizations and tactics.
B) groups involved had more centrally organized political institutions.
C) combatants are motivated by obligations toward fraternal groups.
D) combatants have personal grudges.
Answer: B) groups involved had more centrally organized political institutions.
Question: Which of the following is NOT a subfield of anthropology?
A) Linguistic
B) Biological
C) Sociological
D) Cultural
Answer: C) Sociological
Question: Dowries and marriage gifts tend to:
A) work only in societies that do not allow divorce.
B) increase the likelihood of maritalocity.
C) stabilize the marital relationship.
D) weaken the marital relationship.
Answer: C) stabilize the marital relationship.
Question: Which of the following is NOT usually true of religious rituals?
A) They intend to mobilize supernatural forces to influence the natural world or human beings.
B) They often express anxieties and preoccupations.
C) Each ritual has one specific meaning for its participants.
D) They commonly portray or act out important aspects of a religion’s myths and cosmology.
Answer: C) Each ritual has one specific meaning for its participants.
Question: As a youth, Greg Williams discovered that:
A) race is socially defined.
B) race is a natural subdivision of the human species.
C) race is promoted the same everywhere.
D) race has become unimportant in contemporary America.
Answer: A) race is socially defined.
Question: According to Ruth Benedict, which of the following was true of Dobuan culture?
A) They believed that all deaths were results of murder.
B) They exhibited great trust of one another, but were highly suspicious of strangers.
C) Among adults, only husbands and wives felt that trust for one another.
D) They believed that black magic was a rare cause of death.
Answer: A) They believed that all deaths were results of murder.
Question: Who is most responsible for the rise in importance of fieldwork in American anthropology?
Answer Options:
Edward Burnett Tylor
Lewis Henry Morgan
Franz Boas
Ruth Benedict
Correct Answer:
3. Franz Boas
Answer Choices:
Edward Burnett Tylor
Lewis Henry Morgan
Franz Boas
Ruth Benedict
Answer: 3. Franz Boas
Question: In larger societies, communal religions serve to:
A) celebrate social cohesion.
B) raise individual concerns.
C) assert hierarchy.
D) dissolve social ties.
Answer: A) celebrate social cohesion.
Question: Which of the following is NOT true of bilateral descent?
A) It is commonly used in socially complex societies.
B) It counts people as relatives on both parents’ sides of the family.
C) It gives equal weight to mother-child and father-child relationships.
D) It defines all relatives on a person’s mother’s side of the family as in-laws.
Answer: D) It defines all relatives on a person’s mother’s side of the family as in-laws.
Question: Which of the following typifies decision making in bands?
A) Political specialists make decisions.
B) Family heads make decisions.
C) Discussions continue until a consensus is achieved.
D) Majority opinion rules.
Answer: C) Discussions continue until a consensus is achieved.
Question: According to Good, Good, and Moradi, which emotions are readily portrayed in Iranian culture?
A) Anger
B) Profound sadness and sorrow
C) Paranoia
Answer: B) Profound sadness and sorrow
Question: Restrictiveness regarding sexual experimentation before adulthood is likely in societies where:
A) parents have little interest in the future marriage plans of their children.
B) class distinctions or differences in wealth are unimportant.
C) male solidarity is economically or politically important.
D) control of property is unimportant.
Answer: C) male solidarity is economically or politically important.
Question: According to Emile Durkheim, the basis of religious ideas is to fulfill the need to:
A) control important aspects of one’s environment.
B) create symbolic representations of society and culture that inspire feelings of respect, fear, and awe.
C) give symbolic expression to fears and anxieties.
D) explain natural features of the environment.
Answer: B) create symbolic representations of society and culture that inspire feelings of respect, fear, and awe.
Question: Puberty rituals mainly function in which of the following ways?
A) They encourage children to be interdependent.
B) They mark the transition to adulthood.
C) They limit sexual activity among teenagers.
D) They reduce parental responsibilities.
Answer: B) They mark the transition to adulthood.
Question: American functionalism of the 1930s emphasized which of the following ideas?
A) The evaluation of culture should be the central focus of anthropological effort.
B) Societies survive because their customs have allowed them to cope successfully with their environment.
C) The mechanics of culture is less important than its value systems.
Answer: B) Societies survive because their customs have allowed them to cope successfully with their environment.