Answer Options:
M2
F6
K2
O9
Answer: O9
Question: If a star orbits the MWG’s halo above the galactic disk in the halo, what type of star is it?
Answer Options:
That’s no star!
Pop I
Pop II
Dark Matter Star
Answer: Pop II
Question: Which of the following main sequence stars would be the most massive?
Answer Options:
M2
F6
K2
O9
Answer: O9
Question: The difference between a red giant and a red supergiant is…
Answer Options:
red giants were massive main sequence stars.
red supergiants were massive main sequence stars.
red supergiants were cooler main sequence stars.
red giants were mostly type O and B stars while red supergiants were K and M stars.
Answer: red supergiants were massive main sequence stars.
Question: Compared to the Sun a Red Giant star is…
Answer Options:
brighter in apparent magnitude
higher in luminosity
larger in radius
more dense
higher in surface temperature
Answer: higher in luminosity
larger in radius
Question: How do we know that sunspots are associated with strong magnetic fields?
Answer Options:
By measuring the time required for the Sun to rotate.
By counting the number of sunspots near the Sun’s equator.
By observing prominences near sunspots.
By observing the Zeeman effect.
Answer: By observing the Zeeman effect.
Question: Which of the following [more than one] experiments support the predictions of Einstein’s general relativity?
Answer Options:
The observation that will exceed pulsars in binary systems are speeding up.
The 1919 observation of star displacement during total solar eclipse.
The observation that GPS devices, which operate on the assumption that general relativity is true, produce highly accurate positions on Earth’s surface.
The observation that the mass of a star controls the star’s evolutionary path on an HR diagram.
The 1979 aberration that an atomic clock near Earth’s surface runs slower than a twin clock at greater height.
Answer: The 1919 observation of star displacement during total solar eclipse.
The observation that GPS devices, which operate on the assumption that general relativity is true, produce highly accurate positions on Earth’s surface.
The 1979 aberration that an atomic clock near Earth’s surface runs slower than a twin clock at greater height.
Question: What proof do we have of ultra-hot ISM temperatures?
Answer Options:
Astronomers have recorded X-ray spectra from cold molecules, which are only forged at temperatures of millions of degrees.
Astronomers have seen visible HII regions and recorded radio wave absorption in hydrogen gas, which only occur at billions of degrees.
Astronomers have recorded radio wave emissions from ISM gas and have observed spectra of hydrogen atoms with dopplerization.
Astronomers have recorded X-ray emissions from ISM gas and observed the spectra of oxygen atoms with few levels of ionization.
Answer: Astronomers have recorded X-ray emissions from ISM gas and observed the spectra of oxygen atoms with few levels of ionization.
Question: Elements up to iron are fused inside of high mass stars, but how are elements beyond iron created?
Answer Options:
Nuclear reactions in the cooling core of a white dwarf can fuse with the iron core of a massive star in a binary star system to form elements heavier than iron.
Nuclear reactions in the brief period of a supernova explosion can form elements beyond iron.
Events heavier than iron are fused inside the cores of the most massive stars in the universe.
Iron fuses into heavier elements when the hydrogen burning shell is exhausted.
Answer: Nuclear reactions in the brief period of a supernova explosion can form elements beyond iron.
Question: Which of the following [more than one] are considered supporting evidence of the existence of black holes, even though they are not directly observable?
Answer Options:
A binary star system with one star being massive and the other being of small mass.
The principle of equivalence states that the event horizon of a star is inside the star.
Photographic images of regions where nothing is present.
Observations of x-ray emissions from accretion disks of binary star systems in which a high mass but unseen companion exists.
General relativity, the theory upon which black hole theory is built, has been shown to be highly reliable.
Answer: Observations of x-ray emissions from accretion disks of binary star systems in which a high mass but unseen companion exists.
General relativity, the theory upon which black hole theory is built, has been shown to be highly reliable.
Question: Which of the following does general relativity NOT predict?
Answer Options:
gravitational redshift
time dilation near a strong gravitational field
deflection of light passing near a massive object
gravitational waves
precession of Mercury’s orbital axis
black holes
snow in July
Answer: snow in July
Question: A star is no longer considered a main sequence star when…
Answer Options:
another star comes along
it starts fusing helium in its core
a younger star comes along
a more massive star comes along
it stops fusing hydrogen in its core
Answer: it stops fusing hydrogen in its core