Question: What is the functional unit of a skeletal muscle called?

Answer Options:
a) the sarcoplasmic reticulum
b) a myofibril
c) a myofilament
d) a sarcomere

Answer: d) a sarcomere

Question: If a lever operates at a mechanical disadvantage, it means that the ________.

Answer Options:
a) lever system is useless
b) effort is farther than the load from the fulcrum
c) load is far from the fulcrum and the effort is applied near the fulcrum
d) load is near the fulcrum and the effort is at the distal end

Answer: c) load is far from the fulcrum and the effort is applied near the fulcrum

Question: Which of the following is the correct sequence of events for muscle contractions?

Answer Options:
a) neurotransmitter release, motor neuron action potential, muscle cell action potential, release of calcium ions from SR, ATP-driven power stroke
b) motor neuron action potential, neurotransmitter release, muscle cell action potential, release of calcium ions from SR, ATP-driven power stroke
c) muscle cell action potential, neurotransmitter release, ATP-driven power stroke, calcium ion release from SR, sliding of myofilaments
d) neurotransmitter release, muscle cell action potential, motor neuron action potential, release of calcium ions from SR, sliding of myofilaments, ATP-driven power stroke

Answer: b) motor neuron action potential, neurotransmitter release, muscle cell action potential, release of calcium ions from SR, ATP-driven power stroke

Question: This bone is connected (by ligaments) to the ________.

Answer Options:
humerus and ulna
sternum
tibia and femur

Answer: tibia and femur

Question: Each of the following muscles is located on/near the arm EXCEPT one. Identify that one!

Answer Options:
Semitendinosus
Brachioradialis
Deltoid
Teres major

Answer: Semitendinosus

Question: In an isotonic contraction, the muscle ________.

Answer Options:
a) does not change in length but increases tension
b) never converts pyruvate to lactate
c) rapidly resynthesizes creatine phosphate and ATP
d) changes in length and moves the “load”

Answer: d) changes in length and moves the “load”

Question: What is the role of tropomyosin in skeletal muscles?

Answer Options:
a) Tropomyosin serves as a contraction inhibitor by blocking the actin binding sites on the myosin molecules.
b) Tropomyosin is the chemical that activates the myosin heads.
c) Tropomyosin is the receptor for the motor neuron neurotransmitter.
d) Tropomyosin serves as a contraction inhibitor by blocking the myosin binding sites on the actin molecules.

Answer: d) Tropomyosin serves as a contraction inhibitor by blocking the myosin binding sites on the actin molecules.

Question: Immediately following the arrival of the stimulus at a skeletal muscle cell there is a short period called the ________ period during which the neurotransmitter is released by exocytosis, diffuses across the synaptic cleft, and binds to its receptors.

Answer Options:
relaxation
contraction
latent
refractory

Answer: latent

Question: Which muscle is responsible for elevating the eyebrows?

Answer: Frontalis

Question: Immediately following the arrival of the stimulus at a skeletal muscle cell there is a short period called the ________ period during which the neurotransmitter is released by exocytosis, diffuses across the synaptic cleft, and binds to its receptors.

Answer Options:
a) relaxation
b) contraction
c) latent
d) refractory

Answer: c) latent

Question: Foramina allow for passage of ________ through the bone.

Answer Options:
Arteries only
Veins only
Nerves only
Arteries, veins, and nerves

Answer: Arteries, veins, and nerves

Question: Which of the following is the correct sequence of events for muscle contractions?

Answer Options:
a) motor neuron action potential, neurotransmitter release, muscle cell action potential, release of calcium ions from SR, ATP-driven power stroke
b) neurotransmitter release, motor neuron action potential, muscle cell action potential, release of calcium ions from SR, ATP-driven power stroke
c) muscle cell action potential, neurotransmitter release, ATP-driven power stroke, calcium ion release from SR, sliding of myofilaments, ATP-driven power stroke

Answer: a) motor neuron action potential, neurotransmitter release, muscle cell action potential, release of calcium ions from SR, ATP-driven power stroke