Biology exam practice questions

Question: The addition of a phosphate group to a compound is called ______.

Answer: phosphorylation

Question: In this image illustrating noncompetitive inhibition, the circle surrounds the ______.

Answer Choices: regulatory molecule normal substrate noncompetitive inhibitor competitive inhibitor

Answer: allosteric site

Question: Which of the following are essential nutrients for microbes? [Note that these are usually needed in large amounts.]

Answer Choices: Magnesium Hydrogen Iron Oxygen Phosphate Carbon Sulfur Nitrogen

Answer: Hydrogen, Oxygen, Phosphate, Carbon, Sulfur, Nitrogen

Question: Reactions in which one compound loses electrons and another compound gains electrons are called ______ reactions.

Answer: redox

Question: Which organism relies upon organic compounds for its carbon and energy needs?

Answer Choices: Autotroph Heterotroph Phototroph

Answer: Heterotroph

Question: ATP is composed of a sugar called , three phosphate groups, and a nitrogenous base called .

Answer: ribose; adenine

Question: Energy stored in the bonds of ______ is used for the anabolic parts of metabolism.

Answer Choices: ATP RNA proteins enzymes

Answer: ATP

Question: Many bacteria obtain energy by breaking down , an organic source. The energy is mostly stored in .

Answer Choices: carbon dioxide; NADH carbon dioxide; ATP sugars; ATP sugars; NADH

Answer: sugars; ATP

Question: The molecule that is termed metabolic “money” because it can be stored, spent, or transferred is ______.

Answer: ATP

Question: Which term refers to adding a phosphate group?

Answer Choices: phosphorylation dephosphorylation

Answer: phosphorylation

Question: Enzymes are typically ______ substrates.

Answer Choices: larger than about the same size as smaller than

Answer: larger than

Question: A reaction that releases energy as it proceeds is a(n) ______ reaction.

Answer: exergonic

Question: A redox pair consists of a(n) donor and a(n) acceptor.

Answer Choices: ATP; ATP ATP; electron electron; ATP electron; electron

Answer: electron; electron

Question: Redox reactions are generally always paired where one compound is (donates electrons) and the other is (accepts electrons).

Answer: oxidized; reduced

Question: An organism that uses inorganic CO₂ as its carbon source is a(n) _, while an organism requiring carbon in an organic form is a(n) _

Answer Choices: heterotroph; autotroph autotroph; heterotroph

Answer: autotroph; heterotroph

Question: A nutrient containing a combination of atoms other than carbon and hydrogen is called a(n) _____ nutrient.

Answer: inorganic

Question: What determines a microbe’s nutritional type?

Answer Choices: oxygen preference source of carbon source of trace elements source of energy

Answer: source of carbon, source of energy

Question: If a cell LOSES water after being placed into a particular solution, what is true regarding the tonicity of the solution?

Answer Choices: The solution is hypotonic relative to the cell. The solution and cell are isotonic relative to each other. The solution is hypertonic relative to the cell.

Answer: The solution is hypertonic relative to the cell.

Question: What do the letters of ATP represent?

Answer Choices: adenine triphosphate adenine triAMP adenine trifructose adenosine triphosphate

Answer: adenosine triphosphate

Question: Which term describes the compound that gains electrons from an electron-donating compound?

Answer Choices: reduced oxidized

Answer: reduced

Question: Which term describes chemical substances such as carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen that are required in large quantities by cells?

Answer Choices: Macronutrients Macromolecules Macrocompounds Megamolecules

Answer: Macronutrients

Question: Which of the following are essential nutrients for microbes?

Answer Choices: Phosphate Oxygen Nitrogen Magnesium Iron Carbon Hydrogen Sulfur

Answer: Phosphate, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Carbon, Hydrogen, Sulfur

Question: Micronutrients (zinc, manganese) that are required by cells in small amounts are termed _____ elements.

Answer: trace

Question: Which definition best describes oxidation?

Answer Choices: when a compound loses electrons to an electron-accepting compound when a compound gains electrons from an electron-donating compound

Answer: when a compound loses electrons to an electron-accepting compound

Biology exam practice questions

Question: The addition of a phosphate group to a compound is called ______.

Question: In this image illustrating noncompetitive inhibition, the circle surrounds the ______.

Question: Which of the following are essential nutrients for microbes? [Note that these are usually needed in large amounts.]

Question: Reactions in which one compound loses electrons and another compound gains electrons are called ______ reactions.

Question: Which organism relies upon organic compounds for its carbon and energy needs?

Question: ATP is composed of a sugar called ______, three phosphate groups, and a nitrogenous base called ______.

Question: Energy stored in the bonds of ______ is used for the anabolic parts of metabolism.

Question: Many bacteria obtain energy by breaking down ______, an organic source. The energy is mostly stored in ______.

Question: The molecule that is termed metabolic “money” because it can be stored, spent, or transferred is ______.

Question: Which term refers to adding a phosphate group?

Question: Enzymes are typically ______ substrates.

Question: A reaction that releases energy as it proceeds is a(n) ______ reaction.

Question: A redox pair consists of a(n) ______ donor and a(n) ______ acceptor.

Question: Redox reactions are generally always paired where one compound is ______ (donates electrons) and the other is ______ (accepts electrons).

Question: An organism that uses inorganic CO₂ as its carbon source is a(n) _____, while an organism requiring carbon in an organic form is a(n) _____

Question: A nutrient containing a combination of atoms other than carbon and hydrogen is called a(n) _____ nutrient.

Question: What determines a microbe’s nutritional type?

Question: If a cell LOSES water after being placed into a particular solution, what is true regarding the tonicity of the solution?

Question: What do the letters of ATP represent?

Question: Which term describes the compound that gains electrons from an electron-donating compound?

Question: Which term describes chemical substances such as carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen that are required in large quantities by cells?

Question: Which of the following are essential nutrients for microbes?

Question: Micronutrients (zinc, manganese) that are required by cells in small amounts are termed _____ elements.

Question: Which definition best describes oxidation?

Question: ATP is composed of a sugar called , three phosphate groups, and a nitrogenous base called .

Question: Many bacteria obtain energy by breaking down , an organic source. The energy is mostly stored in .

Question: A redox pair consists of a(n) donor and a(n) acceptor.

Question: Redox reactions are generally always paired where one compound is (donates electrons) and the other is (accepts electrons).

Question: An organism that uses inorganic CO₂ as its carbon source is a(n) _, while an organism requiring carbon in an organic form is a(n) _