Question: The chemical properties of an atom are determined by its …..

Answer Choices:
protons
particles
protons and neutrons
neutrons
electrons

Answer: electrons

 

Question: Na (atomic no. 11) reacts with Cl (atomic no. 17) to become stable. In the reaction, Na will _ , while Cl will _ .

Answer Choices:
share one electron with chlorine; share one electron with sodium
become an anion; become a cation
give up one proton; accept one proton
give up one electron; accept one electron
accept one electron; give up one electron

Answer: give up one electron; accept one electron

 

Question: A solution that resists a change in pH when an acid or base is added to it is a(n)…

Answer Choices:
buffer
oxidizing agent
catalyst
reducing agent
colloid

Answer: buffer

 

Question: The bonding properties of an atom are determined by its …

Answer Choices:
electrons
positrons
neutrons
protons
photons

Answer: electrons

 

Question: All enzymes are_

Answer Choices:
proteins
nucleic acids
cofactors
lipids
carbohydrates

Answer: proteins

 

Question: When jumping into water you notice resistance. This resistance is caused by water’s……….

Answer Choices:
hydrophilic tension
hydrophobic tension
cohesiveness
osmotic equilibrium
adhesiveness

Answer: cohesiveness

 

Question: The most abundant element in the human body, by weight, is …..

Answer Choices:
oxygen
hydrogen
calcium
nitrogen
carbon

Answer: oxygen

 

Question: Triglycerides consist of a 3-carbon compound called ____ bound to three ____

Answer Choices:
lactate; glycerols
pyruvate; fatty acids
eicosanoid; steroids
sterol; fatty acids
glycerol; fatty acids

Answer: glycerol; fatty acids

 

Question: Which compound is carbonic acid?

Answer Choices:
HCl
NaHCO₃
H₂CO₃
CO₂
HCO₃⁻

Answer: H₂CO₃

 

Question: Which of these is hydrophobic?

Answer Choices:
Cl-
Fat
Glucose
Water
K+

Answer: Fat

 

Question: Which substance has the lowest pH (most acidic)?

Answer Choices:
Household ammonia, pH = 11.5
Blood, pH = 7.4
Lemon juice, pH = 2.3
Pure water, pH = 7.0
Milk, pH = 6.5

Answer: Lemon juice, pH = 2.3

 

Question: Nucleic acids are __ of __.

Answer Choices:
polymers; DNA
polymers; cAMP
polymers; nucleotides
monomers; monosaccharides
monomers; ATP

Answer: polymers; nucleotides

 

Question: When NaCl dissolves in water, what happens?

Answer Choices:
hydrogen bonds between water molecules break
covalent bonds within NaCl break
ionic bonds between Na⁺ and Cl⁻ are broken
hydrogen bonds form between Na⁺ and Cl⁻
new covalent bonds form between Na and water

Answer: ionic bonds between Na⁺ and Cl⁻ are broken

 

Question: The breakdown of glucose to yield carbon dioxide, oxygen, and ATP can be described as ___

Answer Choices:
anabolic and endergonic
catabolic and exergonic
catabolic and endergonic
anabolic and exergonic
anabolic and exothermic

Answer: catabolic and exergonic

 

Question: Carbon is very versatile in forming bonds with other atoms because it has ____ valence electrons.

Answer Choices:
four
six
eight
two

Answer: four

 

Question: A drastic conformational change in a protein in response to extreme heat or pH is called

Answer Choices:
contamination
saturation
sedimentation
deconformation
denaturation

Answer: denaturation