Question: A nurse in the ICU is caring for a client who has heart failure and is receiving a dobutamine drip. The nurse should identify that which of the following findings indicates that the medication is effective?
Answer Choices:
Decreased blood glucose level, Decreased blood pressure, Increased urine output, Increased heart rate
Answer: Increased urine output
Question: A nurse is caring for an infant who has a congenital heart defect. Which of the following defects is associated with increased pulmonary blood flow?
Answer Choices:
Coarctation of the aorta, Patent ductus arteriosus, Tetralogy of Fallot, Tricuspid atresia
Answer: Patent ductus arteriosus
Question: A nurse in a provider’s office is assessing a client who reports occasional atypical chest pain, palpitations, and exercise intolerance. On auscultation, the nurse notes a systolic click. The nurse should recognize this finding as a manifestation of which of the following conditions?
Answer Choices:
Mitral stenosis, Aortic regurgitation, Mitral valve prolapse, Aortic stenosis
Answer: Mitral valve prolapse
Question: A nurse is preparing to care for an 84-year-old male client who is being admitted to a medical unit from a provider’s office. The nurse reviews the medical records to prepare the client’s plan of care.
Answer Choices:
Elevate the head of the bed, Teach the client signs of hyperglycemia, Encourage intake of low-sodium diet, Assess feet for sensation
Answer: Encourage intake of low-sodium diet, Assess feet for sensation
Question: A nurse in a provider’s office is assessing a client who reports dyspnea and fatigue. Physical assessment reveals tachycardia and weak peripheral pulses. The nurse should recognize these findings as manifestations of which of the following conditions?
Answer Choices:
Aortic stenosis, Heart failure, Asthma, Aortic valve regurgitation
Answer: Heart failure
Question: A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who has a new prescription for warfarin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Answer Choices:
If a dose of the medication is missed, double the dose at the next scheduled time, Mild nosebleeds are common during initial treatment, Use an electric razor while on this medication, Increase fiber intake to reduce the adverse effect of constipation
Answer: Use an electric razor while on this medication
Question: A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client who took 3 nitroglycerin tablets sublingually for chest pain. The client reports relief from the chest pain but now is experiencing a headache. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
Answer Choices:
“A headache indicates tolerance to the medication.”, “A headache is an indication of an allergy to the medication.”, “A headache is likely due to the anxiety about the chest pain.”, “A headache is an expected adverse effect of the medication.”
Answer: “A headache is an expected adverse effect of the medication.”
Question: A nurse is teaching a parent of an infant who has heart failure about meeting the infant’s nutritional needs. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Answer Choices:
“I will limit my babies crying to 15 minutes prior to each feeding.”, “I will add Polycose to each of my baby’s bottles.”, “I will feed my baby on a schedule every 4 hours.”, “I will allow my baby to take as much time as needed to finish the bottle.”
Answer: “I will allow my baby to take as much time as needed to finish the bottle.”
Question: A 72-year-old woman is brought to the ED by her family. The monitor shows sinus tachycardia with frequent premature ventricular contractions. Her troponin levels are elevated, and her 12-lead ECG shows elevated ST segments in leads II, III, and AVF. The nurse knows that these symptoms are most likely associated with which diagnosis?
Answer Choices:
Unstable angina, Hypokalemia, Silent myocardial infarction, Non-Q wave MI
Answer: Non-Q wave MI
Continuing from where we left off:
Question: A nurse in a cardiac care unit is caring for a client with acute right-sided heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Answer Choices:
Decreased specific gravity, Increased pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP), Elevated central venous pressure (CVP), Decreased brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)
Answer: Elevated central venous pressure (CVP)
Question: The patient is in third-degree heart block (complete heart block) and is symptomatic. The treatment for this patient is which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
Answer Choices:
Amiodarone IV, Transcutaneous pacemaker, Permanent pacemaker, Temporary transvenous pacemaker, Atropine IV
Answer: Transcutaneous pacemaker, Temporary transvenous pacemaker
Question: A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and a potassium level of 2.4 mEq/L. The nurse should identify which of the following medications as the cause of the client’s low potassium level?
Answer Choices:
Spironolactone, Metoprolol, Nitroglycerin, Furosemide
Answer: Furosemide
Question: The nurse is caring for a patient with an admitting diagnosis of congestive failure. While attempting to obtain a pulmonary artery occlusion pressure in the supine position, the patient becomes anxious and tachypneic. What is the best action by the nurse?
Answer Choices:
Elevate the head of the bed 45 degrees while recording pressures, Administer anxiety medications while recording the pressure, Limit the patient’s supine position to no more than 10 seconds, Encourage the patient to take slow deep breaths while supine
Answer: Elevate the head of the bed 45 degrees while recording pressures
Question: A nurse is teaching a client who has a new diagnosis of atrial fibrillation. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following complications?
Answer Choices:
Hypertension, Peripheral vascular disease, Pulmonary embolism, Bradycardia
Answer: Pulmonary embolism
Question: A nurse is caring for a client with a ventricular pacemaker who is on ECG monitoring. The nurse understands that the pacemaker is functioning properly when which of the following appears on the monitor strip?
Answer Choices:
Pacemaker spikes before each QRS complex, Pacemaker spikes before each P wave, Pacemaker spikes with each T wave, Pacemaker spikes after each QRS complex
Answer: Pacemaker spikes before each QRS complex
Question: A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a client who reports substernal chest pain and dyspnea. The client is vomiting and is diaphoretic. Which of the following laboratory tests are used to diagnose a myocardial infarction? (Select all that apply.)
Answer Choices:
Myoglobin, Plasma low-density lipoproteins (LDL), Troponin I, Troponin T, CPK
Answer: Myoglobin, Troponin I, Troponin T, CPK
Question: A nurse in a coronary care unit is admitting a client who has had CPR following a cardiac arrest. The client is receiving lidocaine IV at 2 mg/min. When the client asks the nurse why he is receiving that medication, the nurse should explain that it has which of the following actions?
Answer Choices:
Slows intestinal motility, Prevents dysrhythmias, Dissolves blood clots, Relieves pain
Answer: Prevents dysrhythmias
Question: A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has left-sided heart failure. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse expect?
Answer Choices:
Nocturnal polyuria, Dependent edema, Frothy sputum, Jugular distention
Answer: Dependent edema
Question: A nurse is teaching the partner of a client who had an acute myocardial infarction (MI) about the reason blood was drawn from the client. Which of the following statements should the nurse make regarding cardiac enzymes studies?
Answer Choices:
“Cardiac enzymes will identify the location of the MI.”, “These tests will enable the provider to determine the heart structure and mobility of the heart valves.”, “Cardiac enzymes assist in diagnosing the presence of pulmonary congestion.”, “These tests help determine the degree of damage to the heart tissues.”
Answer: “These tests help determine the degree of damage to the heart tissues.”
Question: A nurse is caring for a client who reports a new onset of severe chest pain. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to determine if the client is experiencing a myocardial infarction?
Answer Choices:
Check the client’s blood pressure, Determine if pain radiates to the left arm, Auscultate heart tones, Perform a 12-lead ECG
Answer: Perform a 12-lead ECG
Question: A nurse is assessing a newborn who has a coarctation of the aorta. Which of the following should the nurse recognize as a clinical manifestation of coarctation of the aorta?
Answer Choices:
Decreased blood pressure in both the arms and the legs, Increased blood pressure in the arms with decreased blood pressure in the legs, Increased blood pressure in both the arms and the legs, Decreased blood pressure in the arms with increased blood pressure in the legs
Answer: Increased blood pressure in the arms with decreased blood pressure in the legs