Question: Using the International Phonetic Alphabet, it is possible to record any of the sounds of all of the known languages using approximately how many sound symbols?
Answer Choices:
A) 50
B) 100
C) 500
D) 2,000
Answer: B) 100
Question: Sir Edward Burnett Tylor’s concept of survivals is best defined by which of the following?
A) Cultural traits change the least because they are the means by which a society copes with its environment.
B) Primitive cultures have avoided extinction as more complex forms of life developed.
C) Evidence of major catastrophic events in the past.
D) Remnants of earlier social customs and ideas aid in reconstructing the evolutionary past of societies.
Answer: D) Remnants of earlier social customs and ideas aid in reconstructing the evolutionary past of societies.
Question: What belief about culture is attributed to Edward Sapir?
Answer Options:
Culture exists in the interactions of specific individuals and in the world of meanings which each individual perceives.
Culture is a “superorganic” phenomenon.
Culture is a merely packaged assembly of forms that is handed over from one generation to the next.
None of the above
Correct Answer:
Culture exists in the interactions of specific individuals and in the world of meanings which each individual perceives.
Answer Choices:
Culture exists in the interactions of specific individuals and in the world of meanings which each individual perceives.
Culture is a “superorganic” phenomenon.
Culture is a merely packaged assembly of forms that is handed over from one generation to the next.
None of the above
Answer: Culture exists in the interactions of specific individuals and in the world of meanings which each individual perceives.
Question: By the 1870s most miners ________.
Answer Choices:
A) continued to prospect on their own
B) had switched to cattle ranching
C) worked for corporations
D) had become millionaires
Answer: C) worked for corporations
Question: Which of the following is a relationship between slavery and racism?
A) Racism became the dominant rationale after the first generation of slaves.
B) Slavery could not have existed without racism.
C) Racism became a dominant part of racial life at the same time as slavery.
D) Racism preceded slavery and functioned to make it easier for slavery to be adopted.
Answer: A) Racism became the dominant rationale after the first generation of slaves.
Question: Organizational behavior draws upon which of the following fields?
Answer Choices:
A. Psychology, strategy, and communication
B. Industrial psychology, finance, and sociology
C. Anthropology, marketing, and communication
D. Sociology, cognitive psychology, and behavioral economics
E. Cognition, sociology, and industrial engineering
Answer: D. Sociology, cognitive psychology, and behavioral economics
Question: Matrilineality is the principle of descent in what percentage of world societies?
A) 5 percent
B) 15 percent
C) 25 percent
D) 35 percent
Answer: D) 35 percent
Question: “I will fight no more forever” is a famous statement made by _______ at his surrender in Montana.
A) Geronimo
B) Chief Joseph
C) Sitting Bull
D) Chief Red Cloud
Answer: B) Chief Joseph
Question: Membership in an ethnic group is best described as ________.
Answer Choices:
A) singular
B) contextual
C) unchanging
Answer: B) contextual
Question: Which statement about female circumcision is false?
A) Female circumcision is not painful.
B) Female circumcision perpetuates the subordination of women.
C) Female circumcision is typically performed after infancy.
D) Female circumcision aims to eliminate the physiological pleasure of intercourse.
Answer: A) Female circumcision is not painful. (This statement is false.)
Question: Divination is best defined as:
A) a religious belief in the divine presence in humans.
B) a religious belief in divine presence in mundane things.
C) a religious ritual to obtain hidden knowledge.
D) a religious ritual to raise a deceased ancestor to divine status.
Answer: C) a religious ritual to obtain hidden knowledge.
Question: Which of the following is a potential barrier to successful execution of a strategic plan?
Answer Choices:
A. Not enough strategies to implement
B. Strategies that do not align with the organization’s culture
C. Lack of focus on the strategies
D. Both strategies that do not align with the organization’s culture and a lack of focus on the strategies
E. All of these are correct.
Answer: D. Both strategies that do not align with the organization’s culture and a lack of focus on the strategies
Question: Which of the following societies do NOT have specialization of labor other than by age and gender?
A) Foraging
B) Horticultural
C) Traditional agricultural
D) Industrial
Answer: A) Foraging
Question: Anthropologists typically agree with which of the following statements about race?
Answer Choices:
A) Clusters of biological traits are static, distinct from one part of the world to another.
B) There is more genetic variation within so-called racial groups than between them.
C) There are clear genetic boundaries between races.
Answer: B) There is more genetic variation within so-called racial groups than between them.
Question: Which of the following theoretical perspectives distinguishes cultural anthropology from other disciplines?
A) Monetarism
B) Ethnocentrism
C) Humanism
D) Holism
Answer: D) Holism
Question: How are the terms morality and piety related in this text?
A) Piety is a form of morality.
B) Morality is a form of piety.
C) Morality and piety are unrelated.
D) Piety justifies morality.
Answer: A) Piety is a form of morality.
Question: According to research by Guy Swanson, monotheism is most likely to be found in those societies that:
A) organize the sovereign decision-making groups into at least three levels.
B) have no complex descent systems such as clans and lineages.
C) are isolated from other societies.
D) have a societal structure that is mostly egalitarian.
Answer: A) organize the sovereign decision-making groups into at least three levels.
Question: Ruth Benedict’s book, Patterns of Culture, illustrated which of the following?
A) Cultures do not differ much in the kinds or amounts of emotions they encourage a people to express.
B) Cultures differ in the kinds and amounts of emotions they encourage a people to express.
C) Cultures provide guidelines that mold people’s behavior, but many members in any society deviate from these guidelines.
D) Cultures encourage emotional reactions to similar situations, but cannot control emotional intensity.
Answer: B) Cultures differ in the kinds and amounts of emotions they encourage a people to express.
Question: Membership in an ethnic group is best described as ____.
A) singular
B) contextual
C) unchanging
D) fixed
Answer: B) contextual
Question: According to Ruth Benedict, which of the following was true of Zuñi culture?
A) People were expected to seek excess in any form, including the expression of strong feelings.
B) People were encouraged to indulge in the service of authority.
C) People were supposed to be delighted by any situation in which the individual stood alone.
D) People were expected to exhibit moderation in emotional expression.
Answer: D) People were expected to exhibit moderation in emotional expression.
Question: Scientifically speaking, race and ethnic groups are ________.
Answer Choices:
A) similar in that both are culturally defined
B) similar in that both are biologically determined
C) fundamentally different in that ethnicity is based on biology while race is a purely cultural construct
D) fundamentally different in that membership in an ethnic group can be changed but membership in a race cannot
Answer: A) similar in that both are culturally defined
Question: Which of the following is NOT a common result of culture contact?
A) Coexistence with little impact on the less powerful society.
B) Subordination of the less powerful society.
C) Increased internal conflict within the less powerful society.
Answer: A) Coexistence with little impact on the less powerful society.
Question: Which of the following statements convey Boas’ argument about race?
A) People of the same race always share the same culture.
B) Individuals within a race differ in their capacities to acquire culture.
C) Biological differences between races do not account for cultural differences.
D) Cultural differences among races are caused by biological differences.
Answer: C) Biological differences between races do not account for cultural differences.
Question: Anthropologists believe that biological differences are not a barrier to a shared way of life because:
A) biological differences do not exist.
B) how people live is shaped by their life experiences and opportunities.
C) culture can influence one’s biologically endowed abilities.
D) people of the same race have the same biology.
Answer: B) how people live is shaped by their life experiences and opportunities.