Answer Choices:
A. 1 (mild)
B. 2 (moderate)
C. 3 (moderate to severe)
D. 4 (late)
Answer:
B
Question: A patient has progressive memory deficit associated with dementia. Which intervention would best help the individual function in the environment?
Answer Choices:
A. Assist the patient to perform simple tasks by giving step-by-step directions.
B. Reduce frustration by performing activities of daily living for the patient.
C. Stimulate intellectual function by discussing new topics or the latest news.
D. Promote the use of the patient’s sense of humor to understand complex instructions.
Answer:
A
Question: An older adult patient in an intensive care unit is experiencing visual and auditory illusions. Which nursing intervention will be most helpful?
Answer Choices:
A. Keep the room brightly lit at all times.
B. Place personally meaningful objects in view.
C. Place large clocks and calendars on the wall.
D. Assess the patient’s for use of glasses and hearing aids.
Answer:
D
Question:
A patient diagnosed with stage 2 moderate Alzheimer’s disease does not recognize familiar faces, stating they are “my imposters.” This phenomenon can be characterized as:
A. Aphasia
B. Apraxia
C. Agnosia
D. Hyperorality
Correct Answer:
C
Question: Consider these health problems: Lewy body disease, Pick disease, and Parkinson’s disease. Which term unifies these problems?
Answer Choices:
A. Intoxication
B. Dementia
C. Delirium
D. Amnesia
Answer:
B
Question: During morning care, an assistive personnel asks a patient diagnosed with dementia, “How was your night?” The patient replies, “It was lovely. I went out to dinner and a movie with my friend.” Which term applies to the patient’s response?
Answer Choices:
A. Sundown syndrome
B. Confabulation
C. Perseveration
D. Delirium
Answer:
B
Question: Which environmental adjustment should the nurse make for a patient experiencing delirium with perceptual alterations?
Answer Choices:
A. Keep the patient by the nurse’s desk while the patient is awake. Provide rest periods in a room with a television on.
B. Light the room brightly, day and night. Awaken the patient hourly to assess mental status.
C. Maintain soft lighting day and night. Keep a radio on low volume continuously.
D. Provide a well-lit room without glare or shadows. Limit noise and stimulation.
Answer:
D
Question: What is the priority nursing need for a patient diagnosed with late-stage dementia?
Answer Choices:
A. Promotion of self-care activities
B. Meaningful verbal communication
C. Maintenance of nutrition and hydration
D. Prevention of the patient from wandering
Answer:
C
Question: What is the priority nursing intervention for a patient diagnosed with delirium who has fluctuating levels of consciousness, disturbed orientation, and perceptual alterations?
Answer Choices:
A. Avoidance of physical contact
B. High level of sensory stimulation
C. Careful observation and supervision
D. Application of wrist and ankle restraints
Answer:
C
Question: A patient diagnosed with stage 1 mild Alzheimer’s disease tires easily and prefers to stay home rather than attend social activities. The spouse does the grocery shopping because the patient cannot remember what to buy. Which nursing diagnosis applies at this time?
Answer Choices:
A. Complicated grieving
B. Impaired memory
C. Self-care deficit
D. Caregiver role strain
Answer:
B
Question: A patient diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease wanders at night. Which action should the nurse recommend for a family to use in the home to enhance safety?
Answer Choices:
A. Place throw rugs on tile or wooden floors.
B. Place locks at the tops of doors.
C. Encourage daytime napping.
D. Obtain a bed with side rails.
Answer:
B
Question: An older adult takes digoxin and hydrochlorothiazide daily, as well as lorazepam as needed for anxiety. Over 2 days, this adult developed confusion, slurred speech, an unsteady gait, and fluctuating levels of orientation. These findings are most characteristic of which adverse reaction to the medication therapy?
Answer Choices:
A. Delirium
B. Dementia
C. Amnestic syndrome
D. Alzheimer’s disease
Answer:
A
Question: An older adult was stopped by police for driving through a red light. When asked for a driver’s license, the adult hands the police officer a pair of sunglasses. What sign of dementia is evident?
Answer Choices:
A. Aphasia
B. Apraxia
C. Agnosia
D. Memory impairment
Answer:
C
Question: A patient diagnosed with severe dementia no longer recognizes family members and becomes anxious and agitated when they attempt reorientation. Which alternative could the nurse suggest to the family members?
Answer Choices:
A. Wear large name tags.
B. Focus interaction on familiar topics.
C. Frequently repeat the reorientation strategies.
D. Strategically place large clocks and calendars.
Answer:
B
Question: An older adult diagnosed with moderate-stage Alzheimer’s disease forgets where the bathroom is and has episodes of incontinence. Which intervention should the nurse suggest to the patient’s family?
Answer Choices:
A. Labeling the bathroom door
B. Taking the older adult to the bathroom hourly
C. Placing the older adult in disposable adult diapers
Answer:
A
Question: Two patients in a residential care facility are diagnosed with dementia. One shouts to the other, “Move along, you’re blocking the road.” The other patient turns, shakes a fist, and shouts, “I know what you’re up to; you’re trying to steal my car.” What is the nurse’s best action?
Answer Choices:
A. Administer one dose of an antipsychotic medication to both patients.
B. Reinforce reality. Say to the patients, “Walk along in the hall. This is not a traffic intersection.”
C. Separate and distract the patients. Take one to the day room and the other to an activities area.
D. Step between the two patients and say, “Please quiet down. We do not allow violence here.”
Answer:
C
Question: When used for treatment of patients diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease, which medication would be expected to antagonize N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) channels rather than cholinesterase?
Answer Choices:
A. Donepezil
B. Rivastigmine
C. Memantine
D. Galantamine
Answer:
C
Question: A patient diagnosed with dementia no longer recognizes family members. The family asks how long it will be before their family member recognizes them when they visit. What is the nurse’s best reply?
Answer Choices:
A. “Your family member will never again be able to identify you.”
B. “I think that is a question the health care provider should answer.”
C. “One never knows. Consciousness fluctuates in persons with dementia.”
D. “It is disappointing when someone you love no longer recognizes you.”
Answer:
D
Question: Which nursing intervention is appropriate to use for patients diagnosed with either delirium or dementia?
Answer Choices:
A. Speak in a loud, firm voice.
B. Touch the patient before speaking.
C. Reintroduce the health care worker at each contact.
D. When the patient becomes aggressive, use physical restraint instead of medication.
Answer:
C
Question: Identifying which goal is appropriate for an older adult patient with delirium caused by fever and dehydration will focus on what outcome?
Answer Choices:
A. Exerting control over responses to perceptual distortions
B. Reducing or preventing levels of overstimulation
C. Demonstrating motor responses to noxious stimuli
D. Extending control over responses to perceptual distortions
Answer:
B
Question: Which condition is characterized by apolipoprotein E (apoE) malfunction, neuritic plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, granulovascular degeneration, and brain atrophy?
Answer Choices:
A. Alzheimer’s disease
B. Wernicke encephalopathy
C. Central anticholinergic syndrome
D. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)–related dementia
Answer:
A