Question: When assessing a 2-year-old diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder, what should a nurse expects?
Answer Choices:
A. Hyperactivity and attention deficits
B. Failure to develop interpersonal social skills
C. History of disobedience and destructive acts
D. High levels of anxiety when separated from a parent
Answer: B
Question: A 4-year-old child cries and screams from the time the parents leave the child at preschool until the child is picked up 4 hours later. The child is calm and relaxed when the parents are present. The parents ask, “What should we do?” What is the nurse’s best recommendation?
Answer Choices:
A. “Send a picture of yourself to school to keep with the child.”
B. “Arrange with the teacher to let the child call home at playtime.”
C. “Talk with the school about withdrawing the child until maturity increases.”
D. “Talk with your health care provider about a referral to a mental health professional.”
Answer: D
Question: A 15-year-old adolescent has run away from home six times. After the adolescent was arrested for prostitution, the parents told the court, “We can’t manage our teenager.” The adolescent is physically abusive to the mother, and defiant with the father. The adolescent’s problem is most consistent with criteria for which disorder?
Answer Choices:
A. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
B. Childhood depression
C. Conduct disorder (CD)
D. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
Answer: C
Question: A 15-year-old adolescent is referred to a residential program after an arrest for theft and running away from home. At the program, the adolescent refuses to participate in scheduled activities and pushes a staff member, causing a fall. Which approach by the nursing staff would be most therapeutic?
Answer Choices:
A. Neutrally permit refusals.
B. Coax to gain compliance.
C. Offer rewards in advance.
D. Establish firm limits.
Answer: D
Question: An adolescent diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder says, “My parents focus all their attention on my brother instead of me. He’s perfect in their eyes.” Which type of therapy might promote the greatest change in this adolescent’s behavior?
Answer Choices:
A. Bibliotherapy
B. Play therapy
C. Family therapy
D. Behavior modification therapy
Answer: C
Question: A nurse assesses a 3-year-old diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. Which finding is most associated with the child’s disorder?
Answer Choices:
A. Has occasional toileting accidents.
B. Is unable to recite ABC’s.
C. Cries when separated from a parent.
D. Continuously rocks in place for 30 minutes.
Answer: D
Question: Which finding would prompt the nurse to carefully assess an 8-year-old child for development of a psychiatric disorder?
Answer Choices:
A. Being raised by a parent with chronic major depressive disorder
B. Moving to three new homes over a 2-year period
C. Not being promoted to the next grade
D. Having an imaginary friend
Answer: A
Question: A nurse assesses the four children below. Which assessment findings should prompt the nurse to refer the child for further evaluation?
Answer Choices:
A. A 4-year-old who stuttered for 3 weeks after the birth of a sibling.
B. A 9-month-old who does not eat vegetables and likes to be rocked.
C. A 3-month-old who cries after feeding until burped and sucks a thumb.
D. A 3-year-old who is mute, passive toward adults, and twirls while walking.
Answer: D
Question: The child most likely to receive propranolol to manage tremors is one diagnosed with which disorder?
Answer Choices:
A. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
B. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
C. A motor disorder
D. Separation anxiety
Answer: C
Question: A 12-year-old child has been the neighborhood bully for several years. The parents say, “We can’t believe anything our child says.” Recently, the child shot a dog with a pellet gun and set fire to a trash bin outside a store. The child’s behaviors are most consistent with which disorder?
Answer Choices:
A. Conduct disorder (CD)
B. Defiance of authority
C. Anxiety over separation from a parent
D. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
Answer: A
Question: The parent of a child diagnosed with Tourette’s disorder says to the nurse, “I think my child is faking the tics because they come and go.” Which response by the nurse is accurate?
Answer Choices:
A. “Perhaps your child was misdiagnosed.”
B. “Your observation indicates the medication is effective.”
C. “Tics often change frequency or severity. That does not mean they aren’t real.”
D. “This finding is unexpected. How have you been administering your child’s medication?”
Answer: C
Question: An 11-year-old child, who has been diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), becomes angry over the rules at a residential treatment program and begins shouting at the nurse. What is the best method to defuse the situation?
Answer Choices:
A. Assign the child to a short time-out.
B. Administer an antipsychotic medication.
C. Place the child in a therapeutic hold.
D. Call a staff member to seduce the child.
Answer: A
Question: When a 5-year-old child is disruptive, the nurse says, “You must take a time-out.” The expectation is that the child will demonstrate what behavior?
Answer Choices:
A. Go to a quiet room until called for the next meal.
B. Slowly count to 20 before returning to the group activity.
C. Sit on the edge of the activity until able to regain self-control.
D. Sit quietly on the lap of a staff member until able to apologize for the behavior.
Answer: C
Question: A parent diagnosed with schizophrenia and her 13-year-old child live in a homeless shelter. The child has formed a trusting relationship with a shelter volunteer. The child says, “My three friends and I got an A on our school science project.” The nurse can assess that the child is demonstrating what characteristic?
Answer Choices:
A. Resiliency
B. Shy temperament
C. Early posttraumatic stress disorder
D. Uses intellectualization to deal with problems
Answer: A
Question: A parent diagnosed with schizophrenia and 13-year-old child live in a homeless shelter. The child has formed a trusting relationship with a volunteer. The teen says, “I have three good friends at school. We talk and sit together at lunch.” What is the nurse’s best suggestion to the treatment team?
Answer Choices:
A. Suggest foster home placement.
B. Seek assistance from an intimate partner violence program.
C. Make referrals for existing and emerging developmental resources in the community.
D. Encourage healthy characteristics and existing emotional supports. No other action is necessary or appropriate under the current circumstances.
Answer: D
Question: Which behavior indicates that the treatment plan for a child diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder was effective?
Answer Choices:
A. Plays with one toy for 90 minutes.
B. Repeats words spoken by a parent.
C. Holds the parent’s hand while walking.
D. Spins around and claps hands while walking.
Answer: C
Question: What are the primary distinguishing factors between the behavior of children diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and those diagnosed with conduct disorder (CD)? (Select all that apply.)
Answer Choices:
A. ODD relives traumatic events by acting them out.
B. ODD tests limits and disobeys authority figures.
C. ODD has difficulty separating from the parents.
D. CD uses stereotypical or repetitive language.
E. CD often violates the rights of others.
Answer: B, E
Question: An individual with moderate intellectual developmental disorder progresses academically to about a second-grade level. What are the highest outcomes achievable for this person to demonstrate within 5 years? (Select all that apply.)
Answer Choices:
A. Live in a general apartment.
B. Obtain employment in a local sheltered workshop.
C. Correctly use public buses to travel in the community.
D. Independently perform his or her own personal hygiene.
E. Complete high school or earn a general equivalency diploma (GED).
Answer: B, C, D
Question: A nurse prepares to lead a discussion at a community health center regarding children’s health. The nurse wants to use current terminology when teaching about these issues. Which terms are appropriate for the nurse to use? (Select all that apply.)
Answer Choices:
A. Mental retardation
B. Asperger’s disorder
C. Autism spectrum disorder
D. Pervasive developmental disorder
E. Intellectual development disorder
Answer: C, E
Question: Health maintenance and promotion efforts for patients diagnosed with severe mental illness should include education about the importance of what regular intervention?
Answer Choices:
A. Home safety inspections
B. Monitoring of self-care abilities
C. Screening for cancer, hypertension, and diabetes
D. Determination of adequacy of a patient’s support system
Answer: C