Question: A nurse is assessing a client who has disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Answer Options:
Progressive increase in platelet production
Excessive thrombosis and bleeding
Immediate sodium and fluid retention
Increased clotting factors
Answer: Excessive thrombosis and bleeding
Question: A nurse is caring for a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Answer Options:
Encourage the client to increase fluid intake.
Wear a mask when caring for the client.
Place the client in a private room.
Prepare to administer an antibiotic to the client.
Answer: Wear a mask when caring for the client.
Question: A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which of the following actions should the nurse take to help this client with tenacious bronchial secretions?
Answer Options:
Encouraging the client to drink 2 to 3 L of water daily
Helping the client select a low-salt diet
Maintaining a semi-Fowler’s position as often as possible
Administering oxygen via nasal cannula at 2 L/min
Answer: Encouraging the client to drink 2 to 3 L of water daily
Question: A nurse is educating clients about breast cancer at a community health event. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the training?
Answer Options:
“Breastfeeding increases the risk of breast cancer in women over 40 years of age.”
“Clients should begin screening mammography annually by the age of 30 years old.”
“Breast cancer can occur in any part of the breast, but ductal breast cancer is most common.”
“Clients who have BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene changes have a decreased risk of breast cancer.”
Answer: “Breast cancer can occur in any part of the breast, but ductal breast cancer is most common.”
Question: A nurse is teaching a client who has septic shock about the development of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
Answer Options:
“DIC is a genetic disorder involving a vitamin K deficiency.”
“DIC is controllable with lifelong heparin usage.”
“DIC is caused by abnormal coagulation involving fibrinogen.”
“DIC is characterized by an elevated platelet count.”
Answer: “DIC is caused by abnormal coagulation involving fibrinogen.”
Question: A nurse is providing education to a client who has a newly diagnosed abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Answer Options:
“An abdominal aortic aneurysm is commonly found in the suprarenal aorta.”
“An abdominal aortic aneurysm is a dilation of the abdominal aorta greater than 30 mm in diameter.”
“An abdominal aortic aneurysm occurs as a result of a thickened wall of the abdominal artery.”
“Abdominal aortic aneurysms might rupture if blood pressure is too low.”
Answer: “An abdominal aortic aneurysm is a dilation of the abdominal aorta greater than 30 mm in diameter.”
Question: A nurse is caring for an adolescent who presents to the emergency department. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to assess the adolescent’s condition after reassessment? Assessment Findings: Oral intake, Dyspnea, Heart rate, Blood pressure, Respiratory rate, Lung sounds, Oxygen saturation
Answer Options:
Improved
No Change
Declined
Answer: This requires specific updates on each parameter based on the reassessment details provided.
Question: A nurse is assessing a client who had left femoral cardiac angiography. Where should the nurse palpate to assess the most distal pulse on the affected side?
Answer Options:
Left foot
Answer: Left foot
Question: A nurse is caring for an infant who has congenital heart disease. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? (Select all that apply.)
Answer Options:
Perform nasopharyngeal suctioning for a maximum of 5 seconds.
Provide 100% oxygen by face mask.
Place the infant in a knee-chest position.
Answer: Perform nasopharyngeal suctioning for a maximum of 5 seconds.
Place the infant in a knee-chest position.
Question: A nurse in the post-anesthesia care unit is caring for a client who is postoperative following a thoracotomy and lobectomy. Which of the following postoperative assessments should the nurse give highest priority to?
Answer Options:
Urinary output
Arterial blood gases
Pain level
Chest tube drainage
Answer: Chest tube drainage
Question: A nurse is caring for a female client in the emergency department who reports shortness of breath and pain in the lung area. Which of the following is the priority nursing intervention?
Answer Options:
Assess for indications of pulmonary embolism
Answer: Assess for indications of pulmonary embolism
Question: What is one difference between specimen preparation for a transmission electron microscope (TEM) and preparation for a scanning electron microscope (SEM)?
Answer Options:
Only the TEM specimen requires sputter coating.
Only the SEM specimen requires sputter-coating.
Only the TEM specimen must be dehydrated.
Only the SEM specimen must be dehydrated.
Answer: Only the SEM specimen requires sputter-coating.
Question: Which of the following is not composed of microtubules?
Answer Options:
desmosomes
centrioles
eukaryotic flagella
eukaryotic cilia
Answer: desmosomes
Question: Which of the following is true of archaea that produce methane?
Answer Options:
They reduce carbon dioxide in the presence of nitrogen.
They live in the most extreme environments.
They are always anaerobes.
They have been discovered on Mars.
Answer: They are always anaerobes.
Question: You encounter a lichen with leafy structures. Which term describes this lichen?
Answer Options:
crustose
foliose
fruticose
agarose
Answer: foliose
Question: Which method involves conversion of a microbe’s lipids to volatile compounds for analysis by gas chromatography?
Answer Options:
FAME
proteomic analysis
MALDI-TOF
Lancefield group testing
Answer: FAME
Question: The biogeochemical cycle of which of the following elements is based on changes in solubility rather than redox chemistry?
Answer Options:
carbon
sulfur
nitrogen
phosphorus
Answer: phosphorus
Question: Enzymes work by which of the following?
Answer Options:
increasing the activation energy
reducing the activation energy
making exergonic reactions endergonic
making endergonic reactions exergonic
Answer: reducing the activation energy
Question: In which phase would you expect to observe the most endospores in a Bacillus cell culture?
Answer Options:
death phase
lag phase
log phase
log, lag, and death phases would all have roughly the same number of endospores.
Answer: death phase
Question: EMB agar is a medium used in the identification and isolation of pathogenic bacteria.
Answer Options:
a selective medium only.
a differential medium only
a selective medium and a chemically defined medium
a selective medium, a differential medium, and a complex medium
Answer: a selective medium, a differential medium, and a complex medium
Question: Which of the following is typically found as part of the prokaryotic genome?
Answer Options:
chloroplast DNA
linear chromosomes
plasmids
mitochondrial DNA
Answer: plasmids
Question: The name of the group that includes green algae.
Answer Options:
Chlorophyta
Charophyta
Rhodophyta
Phaeophyta
Answer: Chlorophyta
Question: A proteinaceous particle that contains no DNA.
Answer Options:
viroid
virus
prion
virusiod
Answer: prion
Question: When a free-floating microbial cell attaches to a surface, it is called:
Answer Options:
sessile
planktonic
monolipic
lipic
Answer: sessile
Question: Today, carbolic acid is no longer used as a surgical disinfectant because it is a skin irritant, but the chemical compounds found in antiseptic mouthwashes and throat lozenges are called
Answer Options:
Metals
Phenolics
Alcohols
Halogens
Answer: Phenolics
Question: With respect to the Nomenclature of Symptoms, what is the affix for “inflammation”?
Answer Options:
pathy
emia
itis
oma
Answer: itis