Question: Which is the most efficient energy source glucose OR starch for Bacillus subtilis as a source of energy?

Answer: glucose

Question: Individual fungal filaments are called hyphae.

Answer Options:
True
False

Answer: True

Question: In order to enumerate the bacteria present in a water sample, a serial dilution technique is used along with the membrane filter.

Answer Options:
True
False

Answer: True

Question: After growth of the E. coli culture, ONPG was added to each of the three different carbon source tubes in the induction experiment. A positive result indicated the presence of what enzyme?

Answer Options:
Oxidase
β-galactosidase
Amylase
Glucuronidase

Answer: β-galactosidase

Question: Endocarditis is an example of what type of infection?

Answer Options:
Localized
Systemic
Mixed
Foca

Answer: Systemic

Question: Urea broth is an example of a medium that is:

Answer Options:
Selective
Differential
Both

Answer: Both

Question: True or False: Reverse transcriptase is only encoded by DNA virus genomes.

Answer Options:
True
False

Answer: False

Question: The net number of ATP generated during glycolysis is ________, but the total number of ATP generated during glycolysis is __________ than this.

Answer Options:
4, greater
6, less
2, less
2, greater

Answer: 2, greater

Question: During aerobic respiration, the most ATP is produced from:

Answer Options:
Glycolysis
Krebs (TCA) cycle
Electron transport chain
Fermentation

Answer: Electron transport chain

Question: Which of the following is true about viruses in soil?

Answer Options:
They are present in low abundance.
They can be easily recovered from soil organic matter.
They can contribute to carbon cycling and organic matter degradation through auxiliary metabolic genes.
They allow the cells to withstand harsh environmental conditions.

Answer: They can contribute to carbon cycling and organic matter degradation through auxiliary metabolic genes.

Question: Which non-specific defense mechanism is mismatched with its associated body structure or body fluid?

Answer Options:
A. very acidic pH — stomach
B. lysozyme — tears and saliva
C. keratin and tightly packed cells — skin
D. mucociliary escalator — intestines
E. cerumen and sebum — ear

Answer: D. mucociliary escalator — intestines

Question: Which of the following represents a chemical substance that is produced and secreted by microorganisms that inhibits or kills other microorganisms (including pathogenic microorganisms)?

Answer Options:
Coenzyme
Antibiotic
Disinfectant
Antiseptic

Answer: Antibiotic

Question: The E. coli strains responsible for urinary tract infections (UTIs) produced specialized structures that have an adhesion protein (FimH) that allow them to attach to the urethra.

Answer Options:
Capsules
Fimbriae
Pili
Slime layers

Answer: Pili