Question: Regarding kidney placement, the left kidney is higher due to the position from the diaphragm.

Answer: Downward pressure of the liver

Question: Identify the organelle that stores calcium ions in muscle, makes lipids, and detoxifies substances in the liver and kidneys.

Answer Choices:
Lysosomes
Golgi apparatus
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Peroxisome

Answer: Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question: What does colloid osmotic pressure help in determining the osmotic pressure of the plasma? a. Proteins b. Potassium c. Hydrogen ion d. Chloride e. Sodium

Answer: a. Proteins

Question: Facultative water reabsorption:

Answer: Is always in the collecting duct

Question: A major advantage of the renal tubular excretory method of research is that:

Answer: A person’s excretion can be controlled

Question: In which region of the nephron will Reabsorption play an important role?

Answer: Distal convoluted tubule (Correct)

Question: Select the order in which filtrate moves through the following components. (10) Loop of Henle (20) Distal convoluted tubule (30) Glomerulus (40) Bowman’s capsule

Answer: c. 3, 4, 1, 2

Question: A decline in extracellular potassium levels can result in ____. a. Cells to become more excitable b. More action potentials to be generated c. Hypopolarization of cell membranes d. Increased permeability of cell membranes e. Hyperpolarization of cell membranes

Answer: e. Hyperpolarization of cell membranes

Question: Autoimmunity is not found within the kidneys.

Answer: Blood filtered by the glomerulus

Question: What receptors are affected by changes in the osmolality of extracellular fluid? a. Osmoreceptors b. Baroreceptors c. Proprioceptors d. Nociceptors e. Chemoreceptors

Answer: a. Osmoreceptors

Question: Which tube has three different sections of the nephron?

Answer: Renal tubule

Question: The ____ cells are located near the GFR status.

Answer: Macula densa

Question: Which of the following best describes sarcolemma at rest?

Answer Choices:
The intracellular environment is negatively charged.
The intracellular environment has more positively charged sodium.
The extracellular environment is negatively charged.
It has a voltage of about +75 mV.
It depends on the muscle fiber absorbing potassium ions from the ECF.

Answer: The intracellular environment is negatively charged.

Question: Examples of macronutrients are…

Answer Choices:
Water, Nitrogen, Potassium
Gase, Trace, Some
Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium
Cobalt, Zinc, Molybdenum

Answer: Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium

Question: Where is the majority of our water reabsorbed into the blood? a. Ascending loop of Henle b. Collecting duct c. Proximal convoluted tubule d. Distal convoluted tubule e. Descending loop of Henle

Answer: c. Proximal convoluted tubule

Question: Normally how much filtrate would be expected to flow to Macula Densa’s afferent aspect for:

Answer: 0.5 liters/minute

Question: Which of the following two minerals are needed in large quantities when bones are growing?

Answer Choices:
calcium and chlorine
magnesium and sulfur
calcium and phosphorous
manganese and sulfur
potassium and phosphorous

Answer: calcium and phosphorous

Question: Transfer molecules like albumin:

Answer: Do not and cannot cross the capillaries to filtrate

Question: Urine in females is expelled from the body via the:

Answer: Urethra

Question: What is the predominant intracellular cation? a. Chloride b. Sodium c. Potassium d. Magnesium e. Calcium

Answer: c. Potassium