Question: A nurse assesses that a patient who states, “I’m afraid to let anyone really get to know me,” has unresolved the developmental task of infancy. What statement by the patient suggests this?
Answer Options: “I have very warm and close friendships.” “I’m afraid to let anyone really get to know me.” “I am always right and confident about my decisions.” “I’m ashamed that I didn’t do it correctly in the first place.” Correct Answer: “I’m afraid to let anyone really get to know me.”
Question: A nurse assesses that a patient is suspicious and frequently manipulates others. Using the Freudian theory, these traits are related to which psychosexual stage?
Answer Options: Oral Anal Phallic Genital Correct Answer: Anal
Question: An adult expresses the wish to be taken care of and often behaves in a helpless fashion. This adult has needs related to which of Freud’s stages of psychosexual development?
Answer Options: Latency Phallic Anal Oral Correct Answer: Oral
Question: A nurse listens to a group of recent retirees. One says, “I volunteer with Meals on Wheels, coach teen sports, and do church visitation.” Another laughs and says, “I’m too busy taking care of myself to volunteer. I don’t have time to help others.” These comments contrast which developmental tasks?
Answer Options: Trust versus Mistrust Industry versus Inferiority Intimacy versus Isolation Generativity versus Self-Absorption Correct Answer: Generativity versus Self-Absorption
Question: Cognitive behavioral therapy was provided for a patient who frequently said, “I’m stupid.” Which statement by the patient indicates the therapy was effective?
Answer Options: “I’m disappointed in my lack of ability.” “I always fail when I try new things.” “Things always go wrong for me.” “Sometimes I do stupid things.” Correct Answer: “Sometimes I do stupid things.”
Question: A student nurse tells the instructor, “I don’t need to interact with my patients. I learn what I need to know by observation.” The instructor can best interpret the nursing implications of Sullivan’s theory by providing what response?
Answer Options: “Nurses cannot be isolated. We must interact to provide patients with opportunities to practice interpersonal skills.” “Observing patient interactions can help you formulate priority nursing diagnoses and appropriate interventions.” “I wonder how accurate your assessment of the patient’s needs can be if you do not interact with the patient.” “Nurses cannot be isolated. We must interact with the patients since they frequently change their attitudes.” Correct Answer: “Nurses cannot be isolated. We must interact to provide patients with opportunities to practice interpersonal skills.”
Question: A psychiatric technician says, “Little of what takes place on the behavioral health unit seems to be theory based.” A nurse educates the technician by identifying which common use of Sullivan’s theory?
Answer Options: Structure of the therapeutic milieu of most behavioral health units Frequent use of restraint and seclusion for behavior modification Assessment tools based on age-appropriate versus arrested behaviors Use of the nursing process to determine the best sequence for nursing actions Correct Answer: Structure of the therapeutic milieu of most behavioral health units
Question: A nurse uses Maslow’s hierarchy of needs to plan care for a psychotic patient. Which problem will receive priority?
Answer Options: Refuses to eat or bathe. Reports feelings of alienation from family. Is reluctant to participate in unit social activities. Needs to be taught about medication action and side effects. Correct Answer: Refuses to eat or bathe.
Question: Operant conditioning will be used to encourage speech in a child who is nearly mute. Which technique would a nurse include in the treatment plan?
Answer Options: Ignore the child’s silence. Observe other children talking. Give the child a small treat for speaking. Teach the child relaxation techniques, then coax speech. Correct Answer: Give the child a small treat for speaking.
Question: The parent of a child diagnosed with schizophrenia tearfully asks a nurse, “What could I have done differently to prevent this illness?” Select the nurse’s most caring response.
Answer Options: “Although schizophrenia is caused by impaired family relationships, try not to feel guilty. No one can predict how a child will respond to parental guidance.” “Most of the damage is done, but there is still hope. Changing your parenting style can help your child learn to cope more effectively with the environment.” “Schizophrenia is a biological illness with similarities to diabetes and heart disease. You are not to blame for your child’s illness.” “Most mental illnesses result from genetic inheritance. Your genes are more at fault than your parenting.” Correct Answer: “Schizophrenia is a biological illness with similarities to diabetes and heart disease. You are not to blame for your child’s illness.”
Question: A nurse uses Peplau’s interpersonal therapy while working with an anxious, withdrawn patient. What should the focus of the interventions be?
Answer Options: Changing the patient’s perceptions about self Improving the patient’s interactional skills Using medications to relieve anxiety Reinforcing specific behaviors Correct Answer: Improving the patient’s interactional skills
Question: A patient underwent psychotherapy weekly for 3 years. The therapist used free association, dream analysis, and analysis of transference. The patient identified and understood unconscious motivation for behavior. Which type of therapy was used?
Answer Options: Behavior therapy Transactional analysis Cognitive therapy Psychoanalysis Correct Answer: Psychoanalysis
Question: An advanced practice nurse determines that a group of patients would benefit from opportunities to practice appropriate social behaviors and learn about basic living skills. The nurse would arrange for what form of therapy?
Answer Options: Milieu therapy Cognitive therapy Short-term dynamic therapy Systematic desensitization Correct Answer: Milieu therapy
Question: A nurse psychotherapist works with an anxious, dependent patient. What therapeutic strategy is most consistent with the framework of psychoanalytic psychotherapy?
Answer Options: Emphasizing medication compliance Identifying the patient’s strengths and assets Offering psychoeducational materials and groups Focusing on feelings developed by the patient toward the nurse Correct Answer: Focusing on feelings developed by the patient toward the nurse
Question: A person tells a nurse, “I was the only survivor in a small plane crash, but three business associates died. I got anxious and depressed and saw a counselor three times a week for a year. Now I am at peace with the situation.” Which type of therapy was used?
Answer Options: Milieu therapy Psychoanalysis Behavior modification Interpersonal therapy Correct Answer: Interpersonal therapy
Question: What cognitive strategy should a nurse use to assist a very dependent patient achieve independence?
Answer Options: Reveal dream content. Take prescribed medications. Examine thoughts about being autonomous. Role model ways to ask for help from others. Correct Answer: Examine thoughts about being autonomous.
Question: A single parent is experiencing feelings of inadequacy related to work and family since one teenaged child ran away several weeks ago. The parent seeks the help of a therapist specializing in cognitive therapy. The psychotherapist who uses cognitive therapy will introduce what intervention?
Answer Options: Discussing ego states Focusing on unconscious mental processes Negatively reinforcing an undesirable behavior Helping the patient identify and change faulty thinking Correct Answer: Helping the patient identify and change faulty thinking
Question: A person received an invitation to be in the wedding of a friend who lives across the country. The individual is afraid of flying. What type of therapy should the nurse recommend?
Answer Options: Psychoanalysis Milieu therapy Systematic desensitization Short-term dynamic therapy Correct Answer: Systematic desensitization