Question: The client is using a diaphragm for contraception. What should the client be advised to do?
Answer Options:
A. Apply a petroleum-based product to assist with insertion
B. Clean the device with water and pat with cornstarch to aid drying
C. Have the device refitted if there is a substantial weight gain
D. Keep the device in place for 1 hour after intercourse
Answer: C — Have the device refitted if there is a substantial weight gain
Question: A nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with fibrocystic breast changes. The client asks if this condition increases her risk for breast cancer. What is the nurse’s best response?
Answer Options:
A. “This condition may cause cancerous changes, so you should avoid any hormone treatments.”
B. “Fibrocystic breast changes do not increase your risk for breast cancer, but it is important to have regular mammograms.”
C. “Fibrocystic changes significantly increase the risk of breast cancer, so you will need to undergo a mastectomy.”
D. “Fibrocystic changes always lead to cancer, and you will need immediate treatment.”
Answer: B — “Fibrocystic breast changes do not increase your risk for breast cancer, but it is important to have regular mammograms.”
Question: A 30-year-old woman with infertility due to PCOS has been trying to conceive. She’s prescribed clomiphene citrate (Clomid). Which statement best describes how this medication helps achieve pregnancy?
Answer Options:
A. It thins the endometrium to improve sperm penetration.
B. It prevents premature rupture of the ovarian follicles.
C. It stimulates ovulation by increasing secretion of FSH and LH.
D. It increases progesterone levels to maintain the endometrial lining.
Answer: C — It stimulates ovulation by increasing secretion of FSH and LH.
Question: A nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with fibrocystic breast changes. The client asks if this condition increases her risk for breast cancer. What is the nurse’s best response?
Answer Options:
A. This condition may cause cancerous changes, so you should avoid any hormone treatments.
B. Fibrocystic breast changes do not increase your risk for breast cancer, but it is important to have regular mammograms.
C. Fibrocystic changes significantly increase the risk of breast cancer, so you will need to undergo a mastectomy.
D. Fibrocystic changes always lead to cancer, and you will need immediate treatment.
Answer: B — Fibrocystic breast changes do not increase your risk for breast cancer, but it is important to have regular mammograms.
Question: The nurse is caring for a client with a 28-day cycle who reports ovulating on May 10. When should the nurse expect the client’s next menses to begin?
Answer Options:
A. May 26
B. June 1
C. May 30
D. May 24
Answer: D — May 24
Question: The nurse is interviewing a 6-week pregnant client. The client asks the nurse, “Why is elective abortion considered an ethical issue?”
Answer Options:
A. “Because it involves personal, moral, and religious beliefs about ending a pregnancy.”
B. “Because the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that life begins at conception”
C. “Because it is illegal in most states and carries legal consequences.”
D. “Because it is never safe for the mother or fetus.”
Answer: A — “Because it involves personal, moral, and religious beliefs about ending a pregnancy.”
Question: Which findings would the nurse expect to find in a client with bacterial vaginosis?
Answer Options:
A. Fish-like odor of discharge
B. Cervical bleeding on contact
C. Vaginal pH of 3
D. Yellowish-green discharge
Answer: A — Fish-like odor of discharge
Question: The nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with an elevated cholesterol level. The nurse is aware that plaque on the inner lumen of arteries is composed chiefly of what?
Answer Options:
A. Lipoproteins
B. High-density cholesterol
C. White blood cells
D. Lipids and fibrous tissue
Answer: D — Lipids and fibrous tissue
Question: Katrina Sterrett, a 26-year-old preschool teacher, is undergoing her annual physical and lab tests as a condition of her employment and upcoming wedding. She is devastated to learn she has the sexually transmitted infection, gonorrhea. What would most likely contribute to her lack of awareness of her condition?
Answer Options:
A. The infection can only be detected through specialized blood tests.
B. Gonorrhea only shows symptoms in men, not women.
C. Katrina was never taught about sexually transmitted infections in school.
D. Gonorrhea often causes no noticeable symptoms, especially in women.
Answer: D — Gonorrhea often causes no noticeable symptoms, especially in women.
Question: A 28-year-old woman presents to the clinic with a history of severe dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, and chronic pelvic pain. She reports difficulty conceiving for the past 2 years. Which pathophysiologic mechanism best explains this patient’s condition?
Answer Options:
A. Implantation of endometrial tissue outside the uterus causing cyclic inflammation and adhesions
B. Infection of the endometrial lining leading to pelvic inflammatory disease
C. Atrophy of the endometrium related to decreased progesterone levels
D. Proliferation of endometrial tissue within the uterine cavity due to unopposed estrogen
Answer: A — Implantation of endometrial tissue outside the uterus causing cyclic inflammation and adhesions
Question: A breastfeeding woman and her husband are uncertain about which contraceptive method to use but want to avoid pregnancy for at least 2 years. Which contraceptive method should the nurse recommend?
Answer Options:
A. Depo-Provera
B. Natural family planning
C. Oral estrogen/progesterone pill
D. Lactational amenorrhea method
Answer: A — Depo-Provera
Question: A nurse is counseling a client who recently experienced unprotected sex and is considering emergency contraception. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
Answer Options:
A. “Emergency contraception will work even if I am already pregnant.”
B. “Emergency contraception will prevent pregnancy, but it won’t protect against STIs.”
C. “It is recommended to take emergency contraception as soon as possible for maximum effectiveness.”
Answer: A — “Emergency contraception will work even if I am already pregnant.”
Question: (Select all that apply.) What are the responsibilities of the nurse who suspects or confirms any type of violence against a woman?
Answer Options:
A. Provide written resources for domestic violence shelters.
B. Provide reassurance and support to the client.
C. Report the incident to legal authorities.
D. Call a client victim advocate, such as case management, who can assist in the client’s decision about what actions to take.
E. Accurately and concisely document the incident (or findings) in the client’s record.
Answer: A, B, D, E