Answer:
B. Should not be prescribed or recommended for children under 4 years of age
Question: Which of the following statements about LPS is false?
Answer Choices:
A. Only gram-negative bacteria have LPS.
B. LPS can stimulate fever in the host.
C. LPS is an endogenous pyrogen.
D. The lipid A component of LPS is the toxic component.
Answer:
C. LPS is an endogenous pyrogen.
Question: ______ are proteins that remain after phagocytosis of a pathogen and are presented on the surface of phagocytic cells to stimulate the adaptive immune response.
Answer:
Antigens
Question 351:
______ is the migration of leukocytes from blood vessels to tissues where pathogens are located.
Correct Answer: Diapedesis
Question 352:
______ are walled-off pockets of infected tissue surrounded by leukocytes in the lung tissue.
Correct Answer: Granulomas
Question 353:
A(n) ______ pyrogen is a molecule from a pathogen that triggers fever.
Correct Answer: exogenous
Question 354:
______ is a disease characterized by chronic edema due to blockage of the lymphatic system.
Correct Answer: Elephantiasis (lymphatic filariasis)
Question 355:
Off-label prescribing is:
Regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration
Illegal by NPs in all states (provinces)
Legal if there is scientific evidence for the use
Regulated by the Drug Enforcement Administration
Correct Answer:
3. Legal if there is scientific evidence for the use
Question: All cytokines are chemokines.
Answer:
False
Question: Harold, a 42-year-old African American, has moderate persistent asthma. Which of the following asthma medications should be used cautiously, if at all? Betamethasone, an inhaled corticosteroid Salmeterol, an inhaled long-acting beta-agonist Albuterol, a short-acting beta-agonist Montelukast, a leukotriene modifier
Answer:
2. Salmeterol, an inhaled long-acting beta-agonist
Question: The ongoing monitoring for patients over age 65 years taking alendronate (Fosamax) or any other bisphosphonate is:
Answer Choices:
A. Annual DEXA scans
B. Annual Vitamin D level
C. Annual renal function evaluation
D. Electrolytes every 3 months
Answer:
C. Annual renal function evaluation
Question: The ______ of urine inhibits the growth of many microbes and potential pathogens in the urinary tract.
Answer:
acidity
Question: The goal of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-positive patients is: Maximum suppression of HIV replication Eradication of HIV virus from the body Administering a treatment regimen that is free of adverse effects Suppression of CD4 T-cell count
Answer:
1. Maximum suppression of HIV replication
Question: Tiotropium bromide (Spiriva) is an inhaled anticholinergic:
Answer Choices:
A. Used for the treatment of COPD
B. Used in the treatment of asthma
C. Combined with albuterol for the treatment of asthma exacerbations
D. Combined with fluticasone for the treatment of persistent asthma
Answer:
A. Used for the treatment of COPD
Question: Drugs that have a significant first-pass effect: Must be given by the enteral (oral) route only Bypass the hepatic circulation Are rapidly metabolized by the liver and may have little if any desired action Are converted by the liver to more active and fat-soluble forms
Answer:
3. Are rapidly metabolized by the liver and may have little if any desired action
Question: Tucker has hypertension with good blood pressure control was prescribed lisinopril two weeks ago today he reports to the np that he has had a dry cough but denies fever condition or sort of spread the nurse practitioner may change patients lisinopril to Benicar because the angiotensin II receptor blocker is:
Answer Choices:
Stronger
Does not produce a dry hacking cough
Has no effect on the renal system
Reduces sodium and water retention
Answer:
Does not produce a dry hacking cough
Question: Shana is receiving her first medroxyprogesterone (Depo Provera) injection. Shana will need to be monitored for:
Answer Choices:
A. Depression
B. Hypertension
C. Weight loss
D. Cataracts
Answer:
A. Depression
Question: Which is the best term to describe the process that occurs when an immune cell releases cytokines to nearby cells to trigger a response?
Answer Choices:
A. autocrine
B. endocrine
C. hormonal
D. paracrine
Answer:
D. paracrine
Question: Where are acute phase proteins produced?
Answer Choices:
A. bone marrow
B. liver
C. pancreas
D. spleen
Answer:
B. liver
Question: What is a serious side effect of Motrin in older adults
Answer:
impaired renal function
Question: The NP is using the step-up approach when caring for a patient with GERD the step-up from over-the-counter antacids is Histamine 2 receptor antagonist (ranitidine) for four to eight weeks Prokinetic for 4 to 8 weeks A proton pump inhibitor for 12 weeks A cytoprotective drug for two weeks
Answer:
Histamine 2 receptor antagonist (ranitidine) for four to eight weeks
Question: Humalog is an insulin analog produced by the recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid dna technology which of the following statement about his for of insulin is not true
Answer:
It has no pronounced peak
Question: Stage C patients usually require a combination of three to four drugs to manage their heart failure. In addition to ACE inhibitors and beta blockers, diuretics may be added. Which of the following statements about diuretics is not true?
Answer Choices:
A. Diuretics reduce preload associated with fluid retention.
B. Diuretics can be used earlier than Stage C when the goal is control of hypertension.
C. Diuretics may produce problems with electrolyte imbalances and abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism.
D. Diuretics from the potassium-sparing class should be used when using an ARB.
Answer:
D. Diuretics from the potassium-sparing class should be used when using an ARB. (This statement is not true)
Question: An infectious disease that caused a pandemic in western Africa in 2014–2015 is _______.
Answer Choices:
A. HIV/AIDS
B. influenza
C. tuberculosis
D. Ebola hemorrhagic fever (or Ebola)
Answer:
D
Question: Donald has been diagnosed with hyperlipidemia. Based on his lipid profile, atorvastatin is prescribed. Rhabdomyolysis is a rare but serious adverse response to this drug. Donald should be told to:
Answer Choices:
A. Become a vegetarian since this disorder is associated with eating red meat
B. Stop taking the drug if abdominal cramps and diarrhea develop
C. Report muscle weakness or tenderness and dark urine to his provider immediately
D. Expect “hot flash” sensations during the first 2 weeks of therapy
Answer:
C. Report muscle weakness or tenderness and dark urine to his provider immediately
Question: Which of the following is not a common component of neutrophil extracellular traps?
Answer Choices:
A. actin filaments
B. chromatin
C. gelatinase
D. lactoferrin
Answer:
A. actin filaments
Question: Vicky, age 56 years, comes to clinic requesting a refill of her Fiorinal (aspirin and butalbital) that she takes for migraines. She has been taking this medication for over 2 years for migraine and states one dose usually works to abort her migraine. What is the best care for her?
Answer Choices:
A. Switch her to sumatriptan (Imitrex) to treat her migraines
B. Assess how often she is using Fiorinal and refill medication
C. Switch her to a beta-blocker such as propranolol to prevent her migraine
D. request for her to return to the original prescriber
Answer:
B. Assess how often she is using Fiorinal and refill medication
Question: many patients self medicate with antacids which should be counseled to not take antacids without discussing it with their providers first?
Answer:
patients with kidney stones