Question: What is the probability of getting at least 1 head on 5 successive tosses of a coin?
a. 3/4
b. 7/8
c. 31/32
d. 5/8
e. 15/16
Answer: c. 31/32
Question: Suppose that a homeowner notices a 20 percent increase in the water bill for July. The homeowner traces this increase to four sources: a running toilet, a dripping faucet, a guest who visited for two days, and a broken sprinkler head. Further study shows that the broken toilet accounts for 8 percent of the increase, the faucet 2 percent, and the visiting guest 4 percent. The homeowner concludes that the remaining 8 percent is attributable to the broken sprinkler head. What method did the homeowner use in drawing this conclusion?
a. The method of agreement.
b. The joint method of agreement and difference.
c. The method of difference.
d. The method of residues.
e. The method of concomitant variation.
Answer: d. The method of residues.
Question: To compute the probability of having a loaded die turn up six, the theory of probability that would normally be used is the:
a. Relative frequency theory.
b. Classical (a priori) theory.
c. Subjectivist theory.
d. Conditional theory.
e. Relativist theory.
Answer: a. Relative frequency theory.
Question: Suppose that a sociologist notices a correlation between the rate of personal bankruptcy filings and the suicide rate. As the bankruptcy rate increases, the suicide rate increases, and vice versa. The sociologist concludes that personal bankruptcy is a cause of suicide. What method did the sociologist use in drawing this conclusion?
a. The method of concomitant variation.
b. The method of agreement.
c. The method of difference.
d. The method of residues.
e. The joint method of agreement and difference.
Answer: a. The method of concomitant variation.
Question: What is the probability of drawing either an ace or a king from a poker deck (no jokers) on a single draw?
a. 1/52
b. 1/26
c. 1/13
d. 2/13
e. 1/4
Answer: d. 2/13
Question: Given Event 3A, what is the probability that one is green, the other is pink?
a. 1/4
b. 2/3
c. 8/25
d. 47/50
e. 7/25
Answer: e. 7/25
Question: What cause is suggested by the information in Table 4C?
a. D is a sufficient but not a necessary condition for the phenomenon.
b. C is a sufficient and necessary condition for the phenomenon.
c. B is a necessary but not a sufficient condition for the phenomenon.
d. E is a sufficient and necessary condition for the phenomenon.
e. F is a sufficient and necessary condition for the phenomenon.
Answer: b. C is a sufficient and necessary condition for the phenomenon.
Question: To compute the probability of drawing two aces from a poker deck (without replacing the first card before drawing the second) the theory of probability that would normally be used is the:
a. Conditional theory.
b. Subjectivist theory.
c. Classical (a priori) theory.
d. Relative frequency theory.
e. Relativist theory.
Answer: c. Classical (a priori) theory.
Question: Given Event 3A, what is the probability that at least one is either green or yellow?
a. 4/5
b. 4/25
c. 1/5
d. 21/25
e. 67/100
Answer: a. 4/5
Question: Given an urn containing 2 pink balls, 3 green balls, and 5 yellow balls. What is the probability of drawing either a green ball or a yellow ball on a single draw?
a. 2/25
b. 3/20
c. 3/4
d. 9/10
e. 4/5
Answer: e. 4/5
Question: To compute the probability that a mass-produced rocket engine would fail prematurely, the theory of probability that would likely be used is the:
a. Classical (a priori) theory.
b. Relative frequency theory.
c. Subjectivist theory.
d. Conditional theory.
e. Relativist theory.
Answer: b. Relative frequency theory.
Question: To compute the probability of the LA Lakers defeating the Boston Celtics in their upcoming game, the theory of probability that would typically be used is the:
a. Relative frequency theory.
b. Conditional theory.
c. Classical (a priori) theory.
d. Relativist theory.
e. Subjectivist theory.
Answer: e. Subjectivist theory.