Question: Functions of astrocytes include all of the following, except

Answer Choices: responding to neural tissue damage.

conducting action potentials.

maintaining the blood-brain barrier.

guiding neuron development.

forming a three-dimensional framework for the CNS.

Answer: B – conducting action potentials

Question: Put the following structures in order from superficial to deep:

muscle fiber

perimysium

myofibril

fascicle

endomysium

epimysium

Answer Choices: 1, 3, 5, 6, 4, 2

6, 2, 5, 4, 1, 3

1, 5, 4, 3, 2, 6

2, 3, 1, 4, 6, 5

6, 2, 4, 5, 1, 3

Answer: E – 6, 2, 4, 5, 1, 3

Question: Which of the following is not a function of smooth muscle tissue?

Answer Choices: elevating hairs on the arm

moving food materials along the digestive tract

forcing blood from the heart into the major arteries

altering the diameter of the respiratory passageways

forcing urine out of the urinary tract

Answer: C – forcing blood from the heart into the major arteries

Question: Which of the following is a function of Heart Muscle?

Answer Choices: Pump Blood

Move Bones

Open Sphincters

Erect hair

Move materials in Digestive tract

Answer: A – Pump Blood

Question: Which of the following is a characteristic only of Heart Muscle cells?

Answer Choices: They are striated

They are multi-nucleated

They have intercalated disks

They have spindle shape

They are the longest muscle cells

Answer: C – They have intercalated disks

Question: A threshold stimulus is the

Answer Choices: depolarization necessary to cause an action potential.

hyperpolarization of an axon.

peak of an action potential.

electrical current that crosses the synaptic cleft.

resting potential.

Answer: A – depolarization necessary to cause an action potential

Question: After death, muscle fibers run out of ATP and calcium begins to leak from the sarcoplasmic reticulum into the sarcoplasm. This results in a condition known as

Answer Choices: depolarization.

oxygen debt.

tetany.

treppe.

rigor mortis.

Answer: E – rigor mortis

Question: During anaerobic glycolysis

Answer Choices: carbohydrate is metabolized.

pyruvic acid is produced.

oxygen is not consumed.

ATP is produced.

All of the answers are correct.

Answer: E – All of the answers are correct

Question: During intense exercise, the amount of oxygen available for aerobic respiration is

Answer Choices: Limited

Not in short supply

Provided by the mitochondria

All provided by the circulatory system

Unlimited

Answer: A – Limited

Question: A resting muscle generates most of its ATP by

Answer Choices: glycogenolysis.

aerobic metabolism of fatty acids.

hydrolysis of creatine phosphate.

anaerobic respiration.

the tricarboxylic acid cycle.

Answer: B – aerobic metabolism of fatty acids

Question: During activities requiring aerobic endurance

Answer Choices: oxygen is not required.

glycogen and glycolysis are the primary sources of reserve energy.

oxygen debts are common.

most of the muscle’s energy is produced in mitochondria.

fatigue occurs in a few minutes.

Answer: D – most of the muscle’s energy is produced in mitochondria

Question: Because skeletal muscle contractions demand large quantities of ATP, skeletal muscles have

Answer Choices: abundant mitochondria and a poor blood supply.

many mitochondria and a rich blood supply.

adipose tissue between fibers to supply nutrients for ATP production.

a rich blood supply and few mitochondria.

a rich nerve supply.

Answer: B – many mitochondria and a rich blood supply

Question: The muscle tissue that shows no striations is ____ muscle.

Answer Choices: multinucleated

cardiac

voluntary

skeletal

smooth

Answer: E – smooth

Question: The following is a list of the events that occur during a muscle contraction.

Myosin cross-bridges bind to the actin.

The free myosin head splits ATP.

Calcium ion is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

The myosin head pivots toward the center of the sarcomere.

Calcium ion binds to troponin.

The myosin head binds an ATP molecule and detaches from the actin.
The correct sequence of these events is

Answer Choices: 1, 3, 5, 4, 6, 2

3, 5, 1, 2, 4, 6

1, 4, 6, 2, 3, 5

3, 5, 1, 4, 6, 2

5, 1, 4, 6, 2, 3

Answer: D – 3, 5, 1, 4, 6, 2

Question: Which of the following is a recognized function of skeletal muscle?

Answer Choices: maintain posture

produce movement

guard body entrances and exits

maintain body temperature

All of the answers are correct.

Answer: E – All of the answers are correct

Question: The neuroglial cells that participate in maintaining the blood-brain barrier are the

Answer Choices: microglia.

astrocytes.

oligodendrocytes.

Schwann cells.

ependymal cells.

Answer: B – astrocytes

Question: Which of these would lead to increased oxygen consumption?

Answer Choices: increased heat production

increased muscle activity

increased aerobic respiration by muscle cells

increased conversion of lactic acid to glucose

All of the answers are correct.

Answer: E – All of the answers are correct