Question: Why is erythropoietin prescribed to a renal patient?
Answer Choices: A. Improve appetite B. Prevent kidney stones C. Normalize phosphorus D. Increase energy level
Answer: D. Increase energy level
Question: Examples of renal acute kidney injury include glomerulonephritis and interstitial nephritis.
Answer Choices: A. True B. False
Answer: A. True
Question: Define hypovolemic shock.
Answer Choices: A. Significant fluid loss causing inadequate tissue perfusion B. Pump failure causing inadequate perfusion C. Sepsis causing distributive shock D. Loss of vascular tone causing pooling of blood
Answer: A. Significant fluid loss causing inadequate tissue perfusion
Question: Medical management of hepatic encephalopathy includes which drug combination?
Answer Choices: A. Lactulose + Polymyxin B. Kayexalate + Rifaximin C. Lactulose + Metronidazole D. Neomycin + Rifamin
Answer: D. Neomycin + Rifamin
Question: A patient’s serum potassium is 6.3 mmol/L on day 3 of AKI. Which AKI phase is this?
Answer Choices: A. Diuretic B. Oliguric C. Nephrotic D. Recovery
Answer: B. Oliguric
Question: Assessment for resilient homeless child:
Answer Choices: Displays resilience Substance abuse risk Uses intellectualization Risk of PTSD
Answer: Displays resilience
Question: Which finding requires notifying the provider after IABP insertion?
Answer Choices: A. Serum creatinine elevated B. BP 118/70 mm Hg C. Urine output 40 mL/hr D. Heart rate 82 bpm
Answer: A. Serum creatinine elevated
Question: Widespread inflammatory response with two or more clinical findings indicates:
Answer Choices: A. SIRS B. MODS C. DIC D. ARDS
Answer: A. SIRS
Question: Hemodynamic goal in cardiogenic shock:
Answer Choices: A. CVP > 12 mm Hg B. MAP < 65 mm Hg C. SVR < 800 dyn·s/cm⁵ D. PCWP < 4 mm Hg
Answer: A. CVP > 12 mm Hg
Question: How does an intra‑aortic balloon pump (IABP) improve heart function?
Answer Choices: A. Increases coronary perfusion B. Decreases preload C. Increases afterload D. Decreases coronary perfusion
Answer: A. Increases coronary perfusion
Question: How is carbon dioxide transported in the blood?
Answer Choices: A. 1–2% dissolved in plasma; 24% as carbaminohemoglobin; 75% as bicarbonate ion; B. 1–2% dissolved in plasma; 70% as carbaminohemoglobin; 28% as bicarbonate ion; C. 7% dissolved in plasma; 23% as carbaminohemoglobin; 70% as bicarbonate ion; D. 23% dissolved in plasma; 70% as carbaminohemoglobin; 7% as bicarbonate ion
Answer: C. 7% dissolved in plasma; 23% as carbaminohemoglobin; 70% as bicarbonate ion
Question: Interpret the ABG (values show all parameters within normal range).
Answer Choices: A. Normal ABG B. Respiratory acidosis C. Metabolic alkalosis D. Mixed disorder
Answer: A. Normal ABG
Question: Battle sign and raccoon eyes indicate which injury?
Answer Choices: A. Basilar skull fracture B. Epidural hematoma C. Subdural hematoma D. Concussion
Answer: A. Basilar skull fracture
Question: The drug of choice for acute bleeding of esophageal varices is octreotide.
Answer Choices: A. True B. False
Answer: A. True
Question: Priority nursing action after IV furosemide:
Answer Choices: A. Monitor breath sounds B. Start dopamine C. Restrict fluids D. Prepare for intubation
Answer: A. Monitor breath sounds
Question: Which of the following contains the greatest percentage of total body water?
Answer Choices: Blood Transcellular fluid Extracellular fluid Intracellular fluid
Answer: D: Intracellular fluid
Question: “All spinal cord‑injury patients will require lifelong ventilator support.”
Answer Choices: A. True B. False
Answer: B. False
Question: Brain death criteria include which findings? (Select all that apply.)
Answer Choices: ☐ Apnea ☐ Coma ☐ Negative brain‑stem reflexes ☐ Decorticate posturing ☐ Reactive pupils
Answer: Apnea, Coma, Negative brain‑stem reflexes
Question: Closed head trauma from blunt force is classified as:
Answer Choices: A. Blunt/closed injury B. Penetrating injury C. Diffuse axonal injury D. Open skull fracture
Answer: A. Blunt/closed injury