Question: Which pulmonary condition is caused by infiltration of bacteria, resulting in tissue necrosis, a localized area of purulent inflammation, and a central area of liquefaction?
Answer Options:
A. Myringitis
B. Tuberculosis
C. Tracheitis
D. Lung abscess
Answer: D. Lung abscess 50
Question: A nurse is caring for a client who has undergone cardiac surgery. Which is the best method to assess the client’s fluid loss or gain?
Answer Options:
A. Measuring body weight and vital signs every day
B. Recording blood pressure and calorie intake every day
C. Recording 24-hour fluid intake and output and calorie intake
D. Taking waist measurements and placing a Foley catheter
Answer: A. Measuring body weight and vital signs every day 51
Question: The nurse is reviewing the process of gas exchange. What knowledge does the nurse apply to the relationship of red blood cells (RBCs) and oxygenation?
Answer Options:
A. Oxygen combines loosely with the heme in hemoglobin.
B. RBCs are oxygen saturated if the PO₂ reading is below 60 mm Hg.
C. The desaturation of hemoglobin promotes tissue oxygenation.
D. Carbon dioxide levels stimulate the production of RBCs.
Answer: A. Oxygen combines loosely with the heme in hemoglobin. 52
Question: Which organ, if damaged, is most likely to stimulate anemia related to erythropoietin deficiency?
Answer Options:
A. Spleen
B. Heart
C. Thyroid
D. Kidney
Answer: D. Kidney 53
Question: The nurse is providing care for a client who is recovering from hepatitis A. The nurse is aware that the client has developed which specific type of immunity after experiencing this illness?
Answer Options:
A. Adaptive immunity
B. Active acquired adaptive immunity
C. Passive acquired adaptive immunity
D. Innate immunity
Answer: B. Active acquired adaptive immunity 54
Question: Which part of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is involved in the production of protective mucus?
Answer Options:
A. Circular muscle layer
B. Goblet cells
C. Submucosal layer
D. Columnar epithelial cells
Answer: B. Goblet cells 55
Question: What is the terminology for difficulty breathing?
Answer Options:
A. Tachypnea
B. Dyspnea
C. Bradypnea
D. Orthopnea
Answer: B. Dyspnea 56
Question: The term “lithiasis” means:
Answer Options:
A. Inflammation
B. Stones
C. Scope
D. Growth
Answer: B. Stones