Which of the following taste sensations is incorrectly matched to the chemicals that produce it?
Answer Choices:
a) salty – metal ionsb) bitter – alkaloidsc) sweet – organic substances such as sugar and some lead saltsd) sour – acidse) umami – triglycerides and fatty acids
Answer: e) umami – triglycerides and fatty acids
Light passes through the following structures in which order?
Answer Choices:
a) vitreous humor, lens, aqueous humor, corneab) cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humorc) aqueous humor, cornea, lens, vitreous humord) cornea, vitreous humor, lens, aqueous humor
Answer: b) cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor
Which of the following structures is not part of the external ear?
Answer Choices:
a) external acoustic meatusb) pharyngotympanic tubec) tympanic membraned) pinna
Answer: b) pharyngotympanic tube
A postsynaptic potential is a graded potential that is the result of a neurotransmitter released into the synapse between two neurons.
Answer Choices:
TrueFalse
Answer: True
The part of a neuron that conducts impulses away from its cell body is called a(n) _______.
Answer Choices:
a) Schwann cellb) neurilemmac) dendrited) axon
Answer: d) axon
Which of the following is true about the movement of ions across excitable living membranes?
Answer Choices:
a) Ions always move passively across membranes.b) Ions always move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.c) Sodium gates in the membrane can open in response to electrical potential changes.d) Ions always move actively across membranes through leakage channels.
Answer: c) Sodium gates in the membrane can open in response to electrical potential changes.
Neuroglia that control the chemical environment around neurons by buffering potassium and recapturing neurotransmitters are _______.
Answer Choices:
a) oligodendrocytesb) astrocytesc) microgliad) Schwann cells
Answer: b) astrocytes
Myelination of the nerve fibers in the central nervous system is the job of the oligodendrocytes.
Answer Choices:
TrueFalse
Answer: True
The autonomic nervous system is under voluntary control; whereas, the somatic nervous system is involuntary.
Answer Choices:
TrueFalse
Answer: False
Which of the following is not a function of astrocytes?
Answer Choices:
anchor neurons to blood vesselsprovide the defense for the CNSsupport and brace neuronscontrol the chemical environment around neuronsguide the migration of young neurons, synapse formation, and helping to determine capillary permeability
Answer: provide the defense for the CNS
Which ion channel opens in response to a change in membrane potential and participates in the generation and conduction of action potentials?
Answer Choices:
a) leakage channelb) voltage-gated channelc) mechanically gated channeld) ligand-gated channel
Answer: b) voltage-gated channel
Bipolar neurons are commonly _______.
Answer Choices:
found in the retina of the eyefound in gangliamotor neuronscalled neuroglial cells
Answer: found in the retina of the eye
Neurons in the CNS are organized into functional groups.
Answer Choices:
TrueFalse
Answer: True
Where would you not find an autonomic ganglion?
Answer Choices:
in the headin the cervical regionnear the organs they servein the armpit
Answer: in the armpit
The blood vessels of the skin are one of the few areas of the body where the vessels are innervated by both the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
Answer Choices:
TrueFalse
Answer: True
Sympathetic division stimulation causes _______.
Answer Choices:
increased blood glucose, increased GI peristalsis, and decreased heart rate and blood pressuredecreased blood glucose, increased GI peristalsis, and decreased heart rate and blood pressuredecreased blood glucose, increased GI peristalsis, and increased heart rate and blood pressureincreased blood glucose, decreased GI peristalsis, and increased heart rate and blood pressure
Answer: increased blood glucose, decreased GI peristalsis, and increased heart rate and blood pressure
Which of these effectors is not directly controlled by the autonomic nervous system?
Answer Choices:
smooth muscleskeletal musclecardiac musclemost glands
Answer: skeletal muscle
Because many of the same cardiac cells are innervated by both parasympathetic and sympathetic fibers, the influence of the two divisions on the heart is synergistic.
Answer Choices:
TrueFalse
Answer: False