Question: Which of the following is correct regarding the pH scale?
Answer Choices: A. A substance with a pH of 3 is 10 times more alkaline than a substance with a pH of 4. B. A substance with a pH of 3 is 10 times more acidic than a substance with a pH of 4. C. A substance with a pH of 3 is two times more alkaline than a substance with a pH of 4. D. A substance with a pH of 3 is two times more acidic than a substance with a pH of 4.
Answer: B. A substance with a pH of 3 is 10 times more acidic than a substance with a pH of 4.
Question: Which of the following best describes adaptive immunity?
Answer Choices: A. The body’s barrier defenses, such as mucous membranes and secretions. B. The initiation of internal defenses, such as phagocytes and natural killer cells. C. A response to specific traits of specific pathogens. D. The initiation of the inflammatory response.
Answer: C. A response to specific traits of specific pathogens.
Question: What is the enthalpy of vaporization for a liquid metal given the following vapor pressure data? 40 mmHg at 906 K 400 mmHg at 1096 K
Answer Choices: (Fill-in-the-blank calculation)
Answer: ≈ 54.5 kJ/mol
Question: The cumulative probability for the entire binomial distribution does not have to sum to 1.
Answer Choices: True False
Answer: False
Question: An employee discovers that 0.0025 of all products produced at a factory contain defects. Which of the following percentages does this represent?
Answer Choices: A. 25% B. 0.025% C. 0.25% D. 2.5%
Answer: C. 0.25%
Question: Which of the following substances is excreted by sweat glands in response to the breakdown of proteins and the formation of ammonia?
Answer Choices: A. Lysozymes B. Urea C. Water D. Sebum
Answer: B. Urea
Question: Lifelong protection after exposure to a virus such as chickenpox is due to which of the following types of immunity?
Answer Choices: A. Nonspecific B. Transplantation C. Active D. Innate
Answer: C. Active
Question: What is the quantity of heat (in kJ) associated with cooling 179.9 g of water from 25.60 °C to ice at -10.70 °C?
Answer Choices: (Fill-in-the-blank calculation with heat capacities and enthalpy of fusion provided)
Answer: -71.1 kJ
Question: The following diagram summarizes the carbonic acid-bicarbonate ion buffer system of the blood: CO₂ + H₂O ↔ H₂CO₃ ↔ HCO₃⁻ + H⁺. Which of the following equations shows the reaction that takes place when there are excessive protons (H⁺) in the blood?
Answer Choices: A. H₂CO₃ → CO₂ + H₂O B. HCO₃⁻ + H⁺ → H₂CO₃ C. H₂CO₃ → HCO₃⁻ + H⁺ D. CO₂ + H₂O → H₂CO₃
Answer: B. HCO₃⁻ + H⁺ → H₂CO₃
Question: Carbon has an atomic number of 6. Which of the following is true about the isotope C-12?
Answer Choices: A. C-12 possesses 7 neutrons and 5 electrons in its nucleus. B. C-12 possesses 7 protons and 5 neutrons in its nucleus. C. C-12 possesses 6 neutrons and 6 protons in its nucleus. D. C-12 possesses 6 protons and 6 electrons in its nucleus.
Answer: C. C-12 possesses 6 neutrons and 6 protons in its nucleus.
Question: To determine the insurance premium of a car, an insurance company considers the following determinants: the age of the car, the model of the car, and the mileage of the car. Which of the following is the dependent variable?
Answer Choices: A. Model B. Age C. Mileage D. Insurance premium
Answer: D. Insurance premium
Question: A student investigating the importance of wavelengths above and below the visible spectrum for photosynthesis sets up an experiment… Which of the following statements is most likely to be correct?
Answer Choices: A. Three plants do not provide sufficient replications to draw a conclusion. B. Wavelength of light is the only variable that has been changed between groups. C. The wavelength of light does not affect photosynthesis. D. Infrared light contains more energy than the other wavelengths.
Answer: B. Wavelength of light is the only variable that has been changed between groups.
Question: Which of the following occurs during inhalation?
Answer Choices: A. Air moves from areas of low pressure to areas of high pressure. B. The ribcage lowers. C. The volume of the thoracic cavity decreases. D. The diaphragm moves downward.
Answer: D. The diaphragm moves downward.
Question: A vasectomy is a procedure in which the vas deferens are cut. Which of the following describes why a vasectomy leads to infertility?
Answer Choices: A. The vasectomy blocks the movement of sperm from the epididymis into the urethra. B. The vasectomy blocks the movement of sperm from the ejaculatory duct into the bulbourethral gland. C. The vasectomy blocks the movement of sperm from the prostate gland to the bulbourethral gland. D. The vasectomy blocks the movement of sperm from a testis into the epididymis.
Answer: A. The vasectomy blocks the movement of sperm from the epididymis into the urethra.
Question: A scientist predicts that germinating beans will use more oxygen than non-germinating beans. This prediction is referred to as which of the following?
Answer Choices: A. A hypothesis B. A conclusion C. An observation D. Data collection
Answer: A. A hypothesis
Question: Which of the following hypothetical scenarios best describes a scenario where approximation by the binomial distribution is most acceptable?
Answer Choices: A. Find the probability of selecting a red ball from a vase containing red, green, and yellow balls after selecting two yellow balls without replacement. B. The probability of rolling two six-sided die, and getting a 7. C. Flipping a coin six times, and getting 4 heads. D. Rolling three doubles in a game of monopoly and going straight to jail.
Answer: C. Flipping a coin six times, and getting 4 heads.
Question: Which of the following is a function of a catalyst?
Answer Choices: A. To increase the activation energy of a reaction. B. To increase the product yield. C. To convert a nonspontaneous reaction to a spontaneous reaction. D. To increase the rate of a reaction.
Answer: D. To increase the rate of a reaction.
Question: Hikers climbing Mount Everest discovered it took much longer to cook a boiled egg than it does at sea level, because the boiling water is not as hot. Calculate the boiling point of water at 475 torr.
Answer Choices: (Fill-in-the-blank using Clausius-Clapeyron equation)
Answer: ≈ 83.4 °C
Question: The table below shows the miles driven as a function of gallons of gas used. When the function is graphed, what does the ordered pair (6, 144) represent?
Answer Choices: A. The driver can go 144 miles with 6 gallons of gas. B. The driver can go 24 miles in 1 hour. C. The driver can go 144 miles in 6 hours. D. The driver can go 6 miles with 144 gallons of gas.
Answer: A. The driver can go 144 miles with 6 gallons of gas.
Question: Which of the following is a property of water?
Answer Choices: A. Water is made up of one molecule of hydrogen and two molecules of oxygen. B. Solid water is more dense than liquid water. C. Water dissolves polar and ionic compounds. D. Water requires less heat than ethanol to raise its temperature.
Answer: C. Water dissolves polar and ionic compounds.
Question: Which of the following describes why water has a concave, or downward-curving, meniscus when poured in a glass beaker?
Answer Choices: A. The adhesive forces with the glass are greater than the cohesive forces. B. The cohesive forces with the glass are greater than the adhesive forces. C. Glass has a higher density than water. D. Water has a higher density than glass.
Answer: A. The adhesive forces with the glass are greater than the cohesive forces.
Question: A farmer needs to buy fertilizer for his farmland. The instructions on the bag of fertilizer say 49.5 pounds of fertilizer is needed for 1 acre of land. The farmer buys 2,000 pounds of fertilizer. Which of the following is the approximate number of acres he can cover with the fertilizer he bought?
Answer Choices: A. 125 B. 1,000 C. 40 D. 300
Answer: A. 125