Question: What is a reason why correlation does not imply causation?

Answer Choices:

A. Because correlations are not based on data.
B. Because you do not know if X or Y occurred first.
C. There could be a third variable that explains both X and Y.
D. Both b and c.

Answer: D – Both b and c.

 

Question: A researcher is interested in determining if sleeping more hours the night before an exam will improve student math practice test scores. She randomly divides the class into two groups. One group is instructed to sleep 9 hours. The other group is instructed to sleep 6 hours. Students were asked to complete a practice math test the following day. The researcher then compares the average test score of each group. What is the IV?

Answer Choices:

A. the class
B. the researcher
C. average score
D. Sleep (9 hours vs 6 hours)

Answer: D – Sleep (9 hours vs 6 hours)

 

Question: A researcher is interested in determining if sleeping more hours the night before an exam will improve student math practice test scores. She randomly divides the class into two groups. One group is instructed to sleep 9 hours. The other group is instructed to sleep 6 hours. Students were asked to complete a practice math test the following day. The researcher then compares the average test score of each group. What is the DV?

Answer Choices:

A. the class
B. the researcher
C. average test score
D. Sleep (9 hours vs 6 hours)

Answer: C – average test score

 

Question: A researcher is interested in determining if sleeping more hours the night before an exam will improve student math practice test scores. She randomly divides the class into two groups. One group is instructed to sleep 9 hours. The other group is instructed to sleep 6 hours. Students were asked to complete a practice math test the following day. The researcher then compares the average test score of each group. What is the best statistical test to analyze the data collected?

Answer Choices:

A. independent groups t-test
B. unrelated groups t-test
C. chi-square test
D. one-sample t-test

Answer: A – independent groups t-test

 

Question: A middle school wanted to examine if students’ sense of school belongingness increased after participating in a two-week after-school program. Thirty students were selected to participate in the after-school program. Prior to completing the program, students completed a measure of school belonging. At the end of the two-week program, students completed another measure of school belongingness. Students’ scores before and after the program were then compared. What is the IV?

Answer Choices:

A. 30 participants
B. before and after the two-week after-school program
C. school belongingness
D. the middle school

Answer: B – before and after the two-week after-school program

 

Question: A middle school wanted to examine if students’ sense of school belongingness increased after participating in a two-week after-school program. Thirty students were selected to participate in the after-school program. Prior to completing the program, students completed a measure of school belonging. At the end of the two-week program, students completed another measure of school belongingness. Students’ scores before and after the program were then compared. What is the DV?

Answer Choices:

A. 30 participants
B. before and after the after-school program
C. sense of school belonging
D. the middle school

Answer: C – sense of school belonging

 

Question: A middle school wanted to examine if students’ sense of school belongingness increased after participating in a two-week after-school program. Thirty students were selected to participate in the after-school program. Prior to completing the program, students completed a measure of school belonging. At the end of the two-week program, students completed another measure of school belongingness. Students’ scores before and after the program were then compared. What is the best statistical test to analyze the data collected?

Answer Choices:

A. One-Way Between Subjects ANOVA
B. One-Way Repeated Measures ANOVA

Answer: B – One-Way Repeated Measures ANOVA

 

Question: A negative correlation indicates that as the values of one variable increase, the values of a second variable decrease.

Answer Choices:

A. True
B. False

Answer: A – True

 

Question: The strength of the correlation is indicated by a number value and the closer that value is to zero, the weaker the correlation.

Answer Choices:

A. True
B. False

Answer: A – True

 

Question: Pearson’s r is the technical term for the correlation coefficient most often used in psychological research.

Answer Choices:

A. True
B. False

Answer: A – True

 

Question: The strength of the correlation is indicated by a number value and the closer that value is to zero, the weaker the correlation.

Answer Choices:

A. True
B. False

Answer: A – True

 

Question: A positive correlation indicates that as values increase on one variable, so do the values of the second variable.

Answer Choices:

A. True
B. False

Answer: A – True

 

Question: If you have a research scenario in which you know both the population mean and the population standard deviation, then you would use the one sample t-test.

Answer Choices:

A. True
B. False

Answer: A – True

 

Question: If you have a research scenario in which the IV has two and only two levels and is within subjects in nature with a quantitative DV, then you would use the independent groups t-test.

Answer Choices:

A. True
B. False

Answer: B – False

 

Question: If you have a research scenario in which you know both the population mean and the population standard deviation, then you would use the one sample z-test.

Answer Choices:

A. True
B. False

Answer: A – True

 

Question: If you have a research scenario in which the IV has two and only two levels and is between subjects in nature with a quantitative DV, then you would use the correlated groups t-test.

Answer Choices:

A. True
B. False

Answer: B – False