Question: The definition “‘Dog’ means that and that and that” (as you point to a number of dogs) is an example of:
Answer Choices:
a. An enumerative definition.
b. A definition by genus and difference.
c. A lexical definition.
d. A precising definition.
e. A demonstrative definition.
Answer: e. A demonstrative definition.
Question: The definition “‘Hardboiled’ means, in reference to an egg, that it spins rapidly when twirled on a flat surface” is an example of:
Answer Choices:
a. A precising definition.
b. A demonstrative definition.
c. An etymological definition.
d. An operational definition.
e. A definition by genus and difference.
Answer: d. An operational definition.
Question: The definition “‘Heinous’ means wicked” is an example of:
Answer Choices:
a. A precising definition.
b. A theoretical definition.
c. A synonymous definition.
d. A definition by genus and difference.
e. A definition by subclass.
Answer: c. A synonymous definition.
Question: The definition “‘Vehicle’ means a car, truck, motorcycle, bus, and so on” is an example of:
Answer Choices:
a. A theoretical definition.
b. A definition by subclass.
c. A circular definition.
d. A definition by genus and difference.
e. An enumerative definition.
Answer: b. A definition by subclass.
Question: In Definition 1I, the genus term is: Definition 1I: “‘Toad’ means a tailless leaping amphibian that feeds on insects and is usually terrestrial but lays its eggs in water.”
Answer Choices:
a. Amphibian.
b. Water.
c. Toad.
d. Insects.
e. Usually terrestrial.
Answer: a. Amphibian.
Question: In Definition 1I, the species term is:
Answer Choices:
a. Amphibian.
b. Insects.
c. Toad.
d. Terrestrial.
e. Eggs.
Answer: c. Toad.
Question: In Definition 1I, the difference words include:
Answer Choices:
a. Water, amphibian.
b. Toad, leaping.
c. Amphibian, usually terrestrial.
d. Insects, toad.
e. Leaping, usually terrestrial.
Answer: e. Leaping, usually terrestrial.
Question: As a lexical definition, the definition “‘Relevant’ means not being irrelevant” may be criticized as being:
Answer Choices:
a. Negative.
b. Vague.
c. Too broad.
d. Ambiguous.
e. Too narrow.
Answer: a. Negative.
Question: As a lexical definition, the definition “‘Star’ means a speck of light up above” may be criticized as:
Answer Choices:
a. Being affective.
b. Being vague.
c. Being ambiguous.
d. Being operational.
e. Being negative.
Answer: b. Being vague.
Question: As a lexical definition, the definition “‘Opera’ means a form of entertainment involving nonsensical plots, ridiculous costumes, and singers who shriek at the top of their lungs to an audience falling asleep” may be criticized as:
Answer Choices:
a. Being vague.
b. Being negative.
c. Being ambiguous.
d. Being figurative.
e. Being affective.
Answer: e. Being affective.
Question: As a lexical definition, the definition “‘Tooth paste’ means paste for teeth” may be criticized as:
Answer Choices:
a. Being circular.
b. Being too narrow.
c. Being negative.
d. Being obscure.
e. Being affective.
Answer: a. Being circular.
Question: As a lexical definition, the definition “‘Knife’ means a thin, narrow, rigid piece of steel, often pointed at one end, and having a wood, metal, or hard plastic handle on the other end” may be criticized as:
Answer Choices:
a. Being figurative.
b. Being obscure.
c. Failing to convey the essential meaning of the word being defined.
d. Being negative.
e. Being ambiguous.
Answer: c. Failing to convey the essential meaning of the word being defined.
Question: As a lexical definition, the definition “‘Pillow’ means a cushion filled with feathers” may be criticized as:
Answer Choices:
a. Being obscure.
b. Being affective.
c. Being ambiguous.
d. Being figurative.
e. Being too narrow.
Answer: e. Being too narrow.
Question: As a lexical definition, the definition “‘Soap’ means water soluble sodium palmitate” may be criticized as:
Answer Choices:
a. Being ambiguous.
b. Being obscure.
c. Being too broad.
d. Failing to convey the essential meaning of the word being defined.
e. Being vague.
Answer: b. Being obscure.
Question: As a lexical definition, the definition “‘Magnolia’ means a flowering tree” may be criticized as:
Answer Choices:
a. Being too broad.
b. Being negative.
c. Being too narrow.
d. Being figurative.
e. Being obscure.
Answer: a. Being too broad.
Question: As a lexical definition, the definition “‘Religion’ means the opiate of the masses” may be criticized as:
Answer Choices:
a. Being negative.
b. Being ambiguous.
c. Being figurative.
d. Being obscure.
e. Being circular.
Answer: c. Being figurative.
Question: Mr. Quigley, who is a lobbyist for the oil industry, says that the government should subsidize oil exploration. In view of Mr. Quigley’s credentials, it follows that the government should certainly do this.
Answer Choices:
a. False cause.
b. Appeal to unqualified authority.
c. No fallacy.
d. Begging the question.
e. Argument against the person, circumstantial.
Answer: b. Appeal to unqualified authority.
Question: Professor Smyth argues for the adoption of stronger standards covering food imported from China. But Smyth is a disgusting leftist ex-hippie who reportedly has sex with his female students. Smyth’s arguments are trash, just as he is.
Answer Choices:
a. Argument against the person, abusive.
b. Red herring.
c. Appeal to unqualified authority.
d. You, too (tu quoque).
e. No fallacy.
Answer: a. Argument against the person, abusive.
Question: Every tile on this kitchen floor is light blue in color. Therefore, the entire floor is light blue in color.
Answer Choices:
a. Division.
b. Begging the question.
c. Composition.
d. Hasty generalization.
e. No fallacy.
Answer: e. No fallacy.