Question: Order the steps of urine formation from first to last.
Answer: Filtration → Reabsorption → Secretion → Excretion. 133.
Question: Match each urinalysis parameter to its corresponding health indicator.
Answer: Dehydration → Specific gravity; Diabetes mellitus → Glucose; Liver disease → Bilirubin; Tissue damage/infection → Blood; UTI/kidney stone/kidney disease → Leukocyte esterase. 134.
Question: In step 2 of urine production, the blood vessels reabsorb any _____ that the body may require.
Answer: All of the above. 135.
Question: Hydration level, certain foods, medications, and disease may change the color of urine.
Answer: True. 136.
Question: Specific gravity is a reflection of the _____ content of urine.
Answer: Ion. 137.
Question: Blood is filtered and urine is produced in the nephrons of the kidneys in a _____-step process.
Answer: Four. 138.
Question: Urine is a mixture of _____ and other dissolved compounds.
Answer: All of the above. 139.
Question: The visual assessment of urinalysis involves observing the color and clarity of urine.
Answer: True. 140.
Question: Ketones should be detectable in a healthy person’s urine.
Answer: False. 141.
Question: Urine pH of a healthy individual is between _____.
Answer: 4.5–7.5. 142.
Question: A urine sample with high pH and protein levels is indicative of _____.
Answer: Kidney disease. 143.
Question: Drinking 1000 mL of distilled water produces urinalysis results with decreased specific gravity.
Answer: True.