Question: Order the steps of pulmonary ventilation, with the first step on the top and the last step on the bottom.
Answer Choices:
Air moves from the area of higher pressure outside the body to the area of lower pressure inside the lungs.
The diaphragm relaxes.
Oxygen moves into the pulmonary capillaries and carbon dioxide moves out of the pulmonary capillaries.
Air moves from the area of higher pressure inside the lungs to the area of lower pressure outside of the body.
The diaphragm contracts.
Answer: The diaphragm contracts.
Air moves from the area of higher pressure outside the body to the area of lower pressure inside the lungs.
Oxygen moves into the pulmonary capillaries and carbon dioxide moves out of the pulmonary capillaries.
The diaphragm relaxes.
Air moves from the area of higher pressure inside the lungs to the area of lower pressure outside of the body.
Question: _____ are a series of concave sacs with a thin wall and a large surface area that exchange gases.
Answer Choices:
Bronchioles
Alveoli
Cilia
Cartilaginous rings
Answer: Alveoli
Question: Which is the typical route of infection for mad cow disease?
Answer Choices:
insect-borne: tick
consumption of contaminated food
insect-borne: mosquito
bite from an infected animal
Answer: consumption of contaminated food
Question: The rare form of CJD contracted by eating meat from an infected animal is called CJD.
Answer Choices:
(No answer options provided)
Answer: variant CJD (vCJD)
Question: Match the term with the best description.
Answer Choices:
Cilia
Bronchioles
Alveoli
Pulmonary vessels
Answer: Cilia → Small, hair-like projections that line the trachea
Bronchioles → Possess a ring of smooth muscle below the ring of epithelial cells surrounding the lumen
Alveoli → A series of concave sacs with a thin wall of epithelial cells and a large surface area
Pulmonary vessels → Responsible for the transport of carbon dioxide to and oxygen from the lungs
Question: Pressure change in the thoracic cavity is caused by contraction and relaxation of the _____.
Answer Choices:
diaphragm
lungs
heart
nose
Answer: diaphragm
Question: Which is not an effective strategy for addressing the propagation of viral infections?
Answer Choices:
vaccines
drugs that target viral protein activities
antibiotic drugs
Answer: antibiotic drugs
Question: Most viral infections do not result in death of the host organism.
Answer Choices:
True
False
Answer: True
Question: The _____ is also known as the voice box.
Answer Choices:
epiglottis
pharynx
larynx
trachea
Answer: larynx
Question: Which of the following describes the “clear” area where a virus-infected cell lysed and infected all the neighboring cells and lysed those too?
Answer Choices:
plaque
syncytium
pock
Answer: plaque
Question: Antibiotics are an effective treatment for most viral infections.
Answer Choices:
True
False
Answer: False
Question: Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) afflicts the central nervous system of humans and is caused by a proteinaceous infective agent called a(n) –.
Answer Choices:
(No answer options provided)
Answer: prion
Question: Plants are parasitized by virus-like agents composed of only naked strands of RNA that are called _____
Answer Choices:
(No answer options provided)
Answer: viroids
Question: Match the type of Creutzfeld-Jakob disease (CJD) with the way in which it is acquired.
Answer Choices:
Sporadic CJD
Acquired CJD
Genetic CJD
Answer: Sporadic CJD → arises spontaneously; Acquired CJD → eating infected meat; Genetic CJD → inherited mutation
Question: Some diseases of the nervous system result from an infectious agent in the form of protein fibrils that is called a Blank______.
Answer Choices:
prion
viroid
virus
bacteriophage
Answer: prion
Question: Besides viruses, two noncellular infectious agents known as _____ and viroids are medically important.
Answer Choices:
(No answer options provided)
Answer: prions
Question: Cultured cells grow in the form of a –, a single confluent sheet of cells that supports viral multiplication.
Answer Choices:
(No answer options provided)
Answer: monolayer
Question: Which of the following best describes a prion?
Answer Choices:
abnormal protein fibrils
obligate aerobe
RNA-based infectious agent
obligate intracellular parasite
Answer: abnormal protein fibrils