Question: The primary cause of Huntington’s disease appears to be _______________.

Answer Choices: Exposure to radiation at a very young age A genetic mutation that results in the production of abnormally long proteins The consumption of large amounts of sugar, carbohydrates, and gluten at a young age A lower than normal level of glial cells in the prefrontal cortex

Answer: A genetic mutation that results in the production of abnormally long proteins

Question: What process does the chemoaffinity hypothesis explain? Explain, in as much detail what it is and how it works.

Answer Choices: Not provided.

Answer: The chemoaffinity hypothesis explains how regenerating retinal cells manage to reestablish their synaptic contacts.

Question: Damage at which of the following levels would be most detrimental to sensory function?

Answer Choices: Primary sensory cortex Secondary sensory cortex Receptors Association cortex

Answer: Receptors

Question: The _______________ is directly responsible for transducing sound from mechanical to electrochemical signals.

Answer Choices: Cochlea Oval window Tympanic membrane Round window

Answer: Cochlea

Question: You hear a recording and recognize it as your best friend’s voice. This is possible due to the functioning of your _______________.

Answer Choices: Lateral olives Anterior auditory pathway Posterior auditory pathway Medial olives

Answer: Anterior auditory pathway

Question: Which of the following pathways carries information about pain and temperature?

Answer Choices: Dorsal-column medial-lemniscus Anterolateral Posterior auditory Anterior auditory

Answer: Anterolateral

Question: Which of the following is most likely to be able to regenerate their central nervous system?

Answer Choices: Worms Humans Birds Cats

Answer: Worms

Question: Which of the following conditions is characterized by areas of hardened tissue in the central nervous system?

Answer Choices: William’s syndrome Multiple sclerosis Huntington’s disease Parkinson’s disease

Answer: Multiple sclerosis

Question: Prior to having a seizure, a patient typically smells burning popcorn. This olfactory sensation is referred to as _______________.

Answer Choices: A tonic-clonic seizure A partial seizure An absence seizure An epileptic aura

Answer: An epileptic aura

Question: The term _______________ refers to a process in which the axon of a neuron is severed.

Answer Choices: Primary severance Axotomy Neurotomy Secondary severance

Answer: Axotomy

Question: Evolutionary psychologists have theorized that early human tool use may be responsible for _______________.

Answer Choices: The lateralization of language processing Advances in immune system functioning The domestication of dogs The helping-hand phenomenon

Answer: The lateralization of language processing

Question: Which of the following translates visual words (e.g., from a book) to auditory code?

Answer Choices: The arcuate fasciculus The angular gyrus Broca’s area Wernicke’s area

Answer: The angular gyrus

Question: Broca’s aphasia occurs when _______________.

Answer Choices: The part of the brain involved in language production is damaged Individuals reach late adolescence A patient’s corpus callosum is severed to treat epileptic seizures The optic chiasm begins to degrade due to illness

Answer: The part of the brain involved in language production is damaged

Question: Damage to the temporal lobe is typically the cause of _______________.

Answer Choices: Broca’s aphasia Split-brain phenomena Wernicke’s aphasia Component-dominant cognition

Answer: Wernicke’s aphasia

Question: Free nerve endings respond to _______________.

Answer Choices: Stretching of skin Flashing lights Temperature and pain Low frequency sounds

Answer: Temperature and pain

Question: Which of the following causes the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease?

Answer Choices: Not enough firing of dopaminergic neurons Too much firing of dopaminergic neurons An inability of the body to regulate blood flow Excessive levels of L-dopa in the blood

Answer: Not enough firing of dopaminergic neurons

Question: Which of the following connects Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas?

Answer Choices: The occipital lobe The arcuate fasciculus The angular gyrus The optic chiasm

Answer: The arcuate fasciculus

Question: The neurotransmitter _______________ is classified as an indolamine because it is synthesized from tryptophan.

Answer Choices: Serotonin Dopamine Epinephrine Glutamate

Answer: Serotonin

Question: Autoreceptors are commonly found in _______________.

Answer Choices: Soma Postsynaptic membranes Presynaptic membranes Synaptic vesicles

Answer: Presynaptic membranes

Question: A neuron becomes less likely to fire when it undergoes _______________.

Answer Choices: Hyperpolarization Depolarization Myelination Haptic unwrapping

Answer: Hyperpolarization