Question: The main target of skepticism was dogmatism. A dogmatist is anyone who:

Answer Options:

Confuses names with real things Claims to have arrived at an indisputable truth Equates essences with verbal definitions Lives a life of excess instead of moderation

Answer: Claims to have arrived at an indisputable truth

 

Question: In general, _____ promotes a suspension of belief in anything and _____ promotes a retreat from society.

Answer Options:

Cynicism; skepticism Stoicism; epicureanism Epicureanism; stoicism Skepticism; cynicism

Answer: Skepticism; cynicism

 

Question: What did the Skeptics use as their guide(s) for living?

Answer Options:

Philosophical truth, sensations, and convention Philosophical truth, feelings, and convention Sensations, feelings, and convention Sensations, feelings, and philosophical truth

Answer: Sensations, feelings, and convention

 

Question: For the Stoics, the basic moral choice a person makes is:

Answer Options:

To follow one’s personal impulses or to conform to society’s values To seek pleasure or to avoid pain To act or not to act in accordance with nature’s plan To live or not to live in accordance with God’s will

Answer: To act or not to act in accordance with nature’s plan

 

Question: According to Philo, the way to true knowledge is by:

Answer Options:

Engaging in active reason Introspection of the innate truth Combining empirical observation with rational deliberation
A purified, passive mind receiving divine illumination

Answer: A purified, passive mind receiving divine illumination

 

Question: The fact that St. Paul valued _____ would have been abhorrent to most Greek philosophers.

Answer Options:

Faith above reason Epicureanism above Stoicism Reason above faith Intuition above empirical observation

Answer: Faith above reason

 

Question: St. Augustine was truly an historical figure. He can be credited with all of the following EXCEPT:

Answer Options:

To write what will later be called an introspective psychoanalysis of himself Being the first author to use the first person “I” in his writings Put into doctrine and dogma early Church teachings Writing the first autobiography

Answer: Writing the first autobiography

 

Question: According to St. Augustine, humans can have conceptions of the past and future because:

Answer Options:

Man is the measure of all things We are made in God’s image Of the remnants of sensory experiences We live in the eternal present

Answer: We live in the eternal present

 

Question: Aristotle’s philosophy was highly influential in _____ during the so-called Dark Ages.

Answer Options:

Alexandria The Western world The Roman Empire The Arab world

Answer: The Arab world

 

Question: According to Avicenna, the active intellect was:

Answer Options:

The mechanism by which humans enter into a relationship with God Non-existent Essentially as Aristotle had described it Less important than common sense

Answer: The mechanism by which humans enter into a relationship with God

 

Question: Who discovered that the retina, not the lens, is the light-sensitive part of the eye and that inoculation might prevent disease?

Answer Options:

Al-Momemides Averroës Avicenna St. Anselm

Answer: Averroës

 

Question: The attempt to synthesize Aristotelian philosophy and Christian theology is referred to as:

Answer Options:

Scholasticism Paganism Averroism Neoplatonism

Answer: Scholasticism

 

Question: Aristotle’s emphasis on _____ placed the church in a difficult position.

Answer Options:

Faith Reason Plato’s philosophy The supernatural

Answer: Reason

 

Question: What was a goal of St. Thomas Aquinas?

Answer Options:

To apply the scientific method in solving theological problems To demonstrate that Christianity existed in accord with other religions To strengthen the position of the church through reason To convert a large number of Aristotelians to Christianity

Answer: To strengthen the position of the church through reason

 

Question: Which of the following was true of Aquinas’ theology?

Answer Options:

It united faith and reason It adopted the study of nature It argued that the Christian church should be as it had been described by St. Augustine It demonstrated that church dogma was debatable

Answer: It united faith and reason

 

Question: In addition to making a comprehensive review of Aristotle’s works and the Islamic and Jewish scholar’s interpretation of Aristotle’s works, _____ was the first since the Greeks to attempt to learn about nature by making careful empirical observations.

Answer Options:

Abelard Magnus St. Anselm Lombards

Answer: Magnus

 

Question: Who discovered the search for abstract truths that existed beyond the world of appearance?

Answer Options:

Plato Augustine Thomas Aquinas William Occam

Answer: William Occam