Question: During the period before the Renaissance, which of the following was true?

Answer Options:

Superstition influenced most everyone from peasants to kings and the clergy Scientific inquiry and reason were encouraged People were classified into three groups: believers, nonbelievers, or questioners Astrology was met with great skepticism

Answer: Superstition influenced most everyone from peasants to kings and the clergy

 

Question: Which statement best reflects Kuhn’s views of the 14th and 15th centuries?

Answer Options:

The scientific paradigm coexisted with the Christian paradigm Anomalies began to arise with the Christian paradigm The scientific paradigm began to lose momentum because of the strength of the Christian paradigm There was a complete shift from a Christian paradigm to a scientific paradigm

Answer: Anomalies began to arise with the Christian paradigm

 

Question: With the coming of the Renaissance, the Western world witnessed a huge paradigm shift characterized by all of the following themes EXCEPT:

Answer Options:

Challenges to church authority
A rise in individualism An intense interest in the work of Greek and Roman poets, philosophers, and politicians
A fuller acceptance of the Aristotelian view

Answer: A fuller acceptance of the Aristotelian view

 

Question: During the Renaissance, Europe gradually switched from being ____-centered to being ____-centered.

Answer Options:

Individual; society God; human Culture; society Human; God

Answer: God; human

 

Question: What two broad events were key factors in the acceptance of the objective study of nature, ultimately weakening the authority of the church?

Answer Options:

War; migration Exploration; printing Exploration; medicine The Plague; the rise of the City-State

Answer: Exploration; printing

 

Question: Which of the following phrases best captures the spirit of Renaissance humanism?

Answer Options:

“We must follow an Aristotelian way of life.” “We must treat others with respect, sensitivity, and dignity.” “Do not look to the past for answers; we must only look ahead to the future.” “We the people have the power to bring great change to the world.”

Answer: “We the people have the power to bring great change to the world.”

 

Question: Petrarch believed in which of the following?

Answer Options:

Scholasticism contained most of the solutions to human problems. The human spirit should be freed from medieval traditions. Life in this world serves the purpose of preparing for life after death. Religion should reflect the philosophy described by St. Paul.

Answer: The human spirit should be freed from medieval traditions.

 

Question: According to Erasmus, who is least likely to speak the truth?

Answer Options:

Fools Drunkards Children Philosophers

Answer: Philosophers

 

Question: Both Bacon and Descartes sought to develop a system of thought that:

Answer Options:

Was compatible with classical Greek philosophy Was impervious to the doubts of the Skeptics Questioned the authority of the church Was compatible with Scripture

Answer: Was impervious to the doubts of the Skeptics

 

Question: Which of the following was true of the Ptolemaic system?

Answer Options:

It was unable to make accurate astronomical predictions. It was congenial to Christian theology because it gave humans a central place in the universe. In accepting the heliocentric view of the universe, it gave support to the basic tenets of humanism. It was unable to make predictions in accordance with the testimony of the senses.

Answer: It was congenial to Christian theology because it gave humans a central place in the universe.

 

Question: What would Copernicus say is the only justification for accepting his heliocentric theory?

Answer Options:

It explains known astrological facts in a simpler, more harmonious, mathematical order. It is compatible with church dogma. It makes accurate astronomical predictions. It is more consistent with the evidence of the senses.

Answer: It explains known astrological facts in a simpler, more harmonious, mathematical order.

 

Question: What factor most influenced Kepler’s acceptance of Copernicus’s heliocentric theory?

Answer Options:

Kepler believed sensory experience was more reliable than mathematical principles; he looked up and saw the sun, thus deducing that perception appeared at the center of the universe. Kepler was a Lutheran minister and needed his Church’s support for acceptance of his ideas. Kepler was a Platonist, seeking mathematical simplicity and harmony. Kepler believed that the heliocentric theory would rationalize humans as the order of the universe.

Answer: Kepler was a Platonist, seeking mathematical simplicity and harmony.

 

Question: A patient diagnosed with stage 2 moderate Alzheimer’s disease does not recognize family members in person or in photos. Which phenomenon can describe this?

Answer Options:

a. Aphasia
b. Hyperorality
c. Apraxia
d. Agnosia

Answer: d. Agnosia

 

Question: During morning care, an assistive personnel asks a patient diagnosed with dementia, “How was your night?” The patient replies, “It was lovely. I went out to dinner and a movie with my friend.” Which term applies to the patient’s response?

Answer Options:

a. Sundown syndrome
b. Confabulation
c. Perseveration
d. Delirium

Answer: b. Confabulation

 

Question: A patient with Alzheimer’s disease wanders at night. Which action should the nurse recommend for a family to use in the home to enhance safety?

Answer Options:

a. Place throw rugs on tile or wooden floors.
b. Place locks at the tops of doors.
c. Encourage daytime napping.
d. Obtain a bed with side rails.

Answer: b. Place locks at the tops of doors.

 

Question: Goals for treatment of an older adult patient experiencing delirium caused by fever and dehydration would include which actions? (Select all that apply.)

Answer Options:

a. Reducing environmental stimuli.
b. Demonstrating motor responses to noxious stimuli.
c. Exerting control over responses to perceptual distortions.

Answer: a. Reducing environmental stimuli.

 

Question: An older adult diagnosed with moderate-stage Alzheimer’s disease forgets where the bathroom is and has episodes of incontinence. Which intervention should the nurse suggest to the patient’s family?

Answer Options:

a. Labeling the bathroom door
b. Taking the older adult to the bathroom hourly
c. Placing the older adult in disposable adult diapers

Answer: a. Labeling the bathroom door