Question: Which intervention is appropriate for a patient with right-sided heart failure?
Answer Options:
• pacemaker
• daily weights
• morphine
• epinephrine
Answer: daily weights
Question: Which intervention does the nurse anticipate next for this rhythm?
Answer Options:
A) synchronized cardioversion
B) defibrillation
C) external pacemaker
D) amiodarone 300 mg IV
Answer: C) external pacemaker
Question: A patient underwent coronary artery bypass graft 1 day ago. The patient asks when he will be able to go home. The best response by the nurse would be:
Answer Options:
• “you will likely recover in the hospital for 1 month.”
• “You will likely recover in the hospital for at least 2 weeks.”
• “You will be discharged today.”
• “You will likely be discharged 1 week after surgery!”
Answer: “You will likely be discharged 1 week after surgery!”
Question: Measurement of a patient’s arterial blood gas shows: pH 7.3, PaCO2 68 mm Hg, HCO3 28 mmol/L, PaO2 60 mm Hg. How would you interpret this result?
Answer Options:
• metabolic alkalosis, partially compensated
• metabolic acidosis with partial compensation
• respiratory acidosis, partially compensated
• respiratory alkalosis with partial compensation
Answer: respiratory acidosis, partially compensated
Question: A nurse interprets this EKG on a patient with a pacemaker as:
Answer Options:
A) atrial paced
B) ventricular paced
C) atrial/ventricular paced
D) none of the answer choices are correct
Answer: C) atrial/ventricular paced
Question: An embolus is a portion of a clot that has broken off of a venous wall and is now traveling in the bloodstream.
Answer Options:
• True
• False
Answer: True
Question: A patient with ongoing chest pain and ST elevation on the EKG—which of the following best describes this scenario?
Answer Options:
A) stable angina
B) unstable angina
C) Non-ST elevation myocardial infarction
D) ST elevation myocardial infarction
Answer: D) ST elevation myocardial infarction
Question: A patient on 60% Venturi mask has ABG results (pH 7.61, PaCO2 22 mmHg, HCO3 22 mmol/L). Interpret the ABG [Select], how will this be treated [Select]?
Answer Options:
Answer: ABG Interpretation: respiratory alkalosis, uncompensated
Treatment: continue current care
Question: A patient just underwent left cardiac catheterization and is recovering. Which action would be a priority for the nurse caring for this patient?
Answer Options:
• keep patient in Trendelenburg position for 6 hours
• maintain a compression device for 24 hours
• provide IV fluid bolus
• ambulate the patient
Answer: maintain a compression device for 24 hours
Question: Complications of cardiac surgery include the following (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
Answer Options:
• Fluid overload
• hypothyroidism
• myocardial infarction
• hyperglycemia
• Tachyarrythmias
Answer: fluid overload, myocardial infarction, hyperglycemia, tachyarrhythmias
Question: A priority intervention for a patient who had a left cardiac catheterization via the left femoral artery would be:
Answer Options:
• apply sequential pneumatic compression device on the legs
• administer alteplase
• administer oxygen
• keep the patient’s leg straight
Answer: keep the patient’s leg straight
Question: A patient has the following vital signs… An appropriate initial treatment for this patient would be:
Answer Options:
A) amiodarone
B) acetaminophen
C) adenosine
D) beta blocker
Answer: B) acetaminophen
Question: A patient with a new pacemaker suddenly has shortness of breath and the pacemaker is not pacing—likely cause?
Answer Options:
A) pneumonia
B) pulmonary embolism
C) Twiddler’s syndrome
D) ventricular tachycardia
Answer: C) Twiddler’s syndrome
Question: A 68-year-old woman is scheduled to undergo mitral valve replacement for severe mitral stenosis and mitral regurgitation. Although the diagnosis was made during childhood, she did not have any symptoms until 4 years ago. Recently, she noticed increased symptoms. During the initial interview with this patient, the nurse would most likely learn that the client’s childhood health history included:
Answer Options:
• rheumatic fever
• meningitis
• chicken pox
• poliomyelitis
Answer: rheumatic fever
Question: Interpret the following ABG: pH: 7.25 CO2: 48 HCO3- 24
Answer Options:
• respiratory acidosis without compensation
• metabolic acidosis without compensation
• respiratory alkalosis, fully compensated
• metabolic alkalosis without compensation
Answer: respiratory acidosis without compensation
Question: A patient with a history of persistent pericardial effusions would be a candidate for:
Answer Options:
• pericardiocentesis
• cardioversion
• pericardial window
• coronary artery bypass graft
Answer: pericardial window
Question: A patient with endocarditis presents with painless red macules on the palms—these are known as:
Answer Options:
A) warts
B) Janeway lesions
C) Osler nodes
D) melanoma
Answer: B) Janeway lesions
Question: The mitral valve [Select], The pulmonic valve [Select], The tricuspid valve [Select], The aortic valve [Select].
Answer Options:
separates the right atria and the right ventricle
separates the left atria and the left ventricle
is between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery
is between the left ventricle and the aorta
Answer: Mitral valve: separates the left atria and the left ventricle
Pulmonic valve: is between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery
Tricuspid valve: separates the right atria and the right ventricle
Aortic valve: is between the left ventricle and the aorta
Question: The nurse expects that a client with mitral stenosis would demonstrate symptoms associated with congestion in the:
Answer Options:
A) aorta
B) right atrium
C) pulmonary circulation
D) superior vena cava
Answer: C) pulmonary circulation
Question: Angina pectoris can best be described as:
Answer Options:
oxygen supply < oxygen demand
oxygen supply > oxygen demand
oxygen supply = oxygen demand
right-sided heart failure
Answer: oxygen supply < oxygen demand
Question: The following cardiac rhythm will be treated with:
Answer Options:
A) no medication
B) amiodarone
C) beta blocker
D) adenosine
Answer: D) adenosine
Question: A patient undergoing pericardiocentesis will likely have which of the following symptoms: (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
Answer Options:
• hypotension
• bradycardia
• muffled heart sounds
• bradypnea
• jugular vein distention
Answer: hypotension, muffled heart sounds, jugular vein distention
Question: A patient is being transferred to the cardiac catheterization unit for percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. The goal of this treatment is:
Answer Options:
• prevention of right-sided heart failure
• increase pulmonary artery pressure
• improve blood flow within a coronary artery
• remove thrombus from the atria
Answer: improve blood flow within a coronary artery
Question: A patient with heart failure develops pulmonary edema. Which of the following positions would best aid breathing for a client with acute pulmonary edema?
Answer Options:
• supine
• high Fowler’s
• Left side-lying
• Trendelenberg
Answer: high Fowler’s
Question: The purpose of right heart catheterization is to assess the right ventricle, mitral valve, and pulmonary valves.
Answer Options:
• True
• False
Answer: False