Question: Which of the following options lists these DNA organization-related terms in the correct order, from the least complex (smallest) to the most complex (biggest) level of DNA structure? [1 is the smallest/least complex and 5 is the biggest/most complex.]

Which of the following options lists these DNA organization-related terms in the correct order, from the least complex (smallest) to the most complex (biggest) level of DNA structure? [1 is the smallest/least complex and 5 is the biggest/most complex.] Answer Options: Chromosome; 2. Nucleotide; 3. Double helix; 4. Chromatin; 5. Nucleosome. Nucleotide; 2. Nucleosome; 3. Double helix; 4. Chromatin; 5. Chromosome. Nucleotide; 2. Double helix; 3. Nucleosome; 4. Chromatin; 5. Chromosome. Double helix; 2. Nucleotide; 3. Chromatin; 4. Nucleosome; 5. Chromosome. Correct Answer: Nucleotide; 2. Double helix; 3. Nucleosome; 4. Chromatin; 5. Chromosome.

 

Question: In a human cell, what is a nucleus?

In a human cell, what is a nucleus? Answer Options: A structure surrounded by a membrane that contains the human genome A combination of a sugar, a phosphate, and a DNA base Correct Answer: A structure surrounded by a membrane that contains the human genome

 

Question: Hard cider (an alcoholic drink sold by companies to consumers) is made by adding yeast (a biological organism) to apple juice. The yeast consume some of the sugars in the apple juice and produce alcohol and carbon dioxide, which makes the drink bubbly, and give the hard cider its characteristic taste. Does hard cider fit the definition of a product of biotechnology, as defined in this course?

Hard cider (an alcoholic drink sold by companies to consumers) is made by adding yeast (a biological organism) to apple juice. The yeast consume some of the sugars in the apple juice and produce alcohol and carbon dioxide, which makes the drink bubbly, and give the hard cider its characteristic taste. Does hard cider fit the definition of a product of biotechnology, as defined in this course? Answer Options: Yes No Correct Answer: Yes

 

Question: Match the era of biotechnology to the most appropriate phrase about it.

Match the era of biotechnology to the most appropriate phrase about it. Answer Options: Ancient biotechnology Classical biotechnology Modern biotechnology The use of fermentation to make foods and beverages. The use of fermentation to make industrial products, such as chemicals. The use of biotechnology to make genetically-modified organisms. Correct Answer: Ancient biotechnology: The use of fermentation to make foods and beverages. Classical biotechnology: The use of fermentation to make industrial products, such as chemicals. Modern biotechnology: The use of biotechnology to make genetically-modified organisms.

 

Question: Which of the following was NOT one of the important scientific advances that made Modern Biotechnology possible, according to the presentation you heard?

Which of the following was NOT one of the important scientific advances that made Modern Biotechnology possible, according to the presentation you heard? Answer Options: The work of Gregor Mendel, who showed that peas inherit an allele from each parent for each gene or trait. The discovery that genes encode proteins and other molecules. The discovery during World War I that all bread molds had been genetically modified by a government scientist a decade before. The discovery of what genes are. Correct Answer: The work of Gregor Mendel, who showed that peas inherit an allele from each parent for each gene or trait.

 

Question: Which of the following are considered to be microorganisms? Select ALL that are correct.

Which of the following are considered to be microorganisms? Select ALL that are correct. Correct Answer: Fungi Algae Yeast Bacteria Archaea Viruses

 

Question: Which of the following describes the correct arrangement of these entities by size, starting with the biggest (1) and going down to the smallest (3)?

Which of the following describes the correct arrangement of these entities by size, starting with the biggest (1) and going down to the smallest (3)? Answer Options: Bacterium; 2. Virus; 3. Yeast Bacterium; 2. Yeast; 3. Virus Virus; 2. Bacterium; 3. Yeast Yeast; 2. Bacterium; 3. Virus Correct Answer: Yeast; 2. Bacterium; 3. Virus

 

Question: Which of the following are characteristics that all microorganisms share? Select ALL that apply.

Which of the following are characteristics that all microorganisms share? Select ALL that apply. Answer Options: Can live as individual cells. Genetically similar (closely-related). Small size (microscopic). Are bacteria. Correct Answer: Can live as individual cells. Small size (microscopic).

 

Question: Match these terms related to molecular cloning to the phrase that corresponds best to the term.

Match these terms related to molecular cloning to the phrase that corresponds best to the term. Answer Options: Transformation Recombinant Selection Restriction enzyme DNA ligase The process scientists use to find bacteria that received a plasmid during molecular cloning. The process used to put additional DNA into a bacterial cell. A molecule that cuts DNA. Referring to pieces of DNA that have been joined together in a new way. A molecule that joins pieces of DNA together. Correct Answer: Transformation: The process used to put additional DNA into a bacterial cell. Recombinant: Referring to pieces of DNA that have been joined together in a new way. Selection: The process scientists use to find bacteria that received a plasmid during molecular cloning. Restriction enzyme: A molecule that cuts DNA. DNA ligase: A molecule that joins pieces of DNA together.

 

Question: Which of the following are examples of microbial biotechnology products? Select ALL that apply.

Which of the following are examples of microbial biotechnology products? Select ALL that apply. Answer Options: The bacteria used as starter cultures for cheese production. The lactase enzyme used to make lactose-free milk. rDNA Hepatitis B vaccine. Humulin. Correct Answer: The bacteria used as starter cultures for cheese production. rDNA Hepatitis B vaccine. Humulin.

 

Question: Which of the statements about the role of plasmids in molecular cloning is true?

Which of the statements about the role of plasmids in molecular cloning is true? Answer Options: Plasmids get into bacteria by the process of transformation, which can be caused by shocking the bacteria with heat. “Plasmid” is another name for “gene” and is used to indicate that the gene came from another organism. Plasmids are used in reproductive cloning (making copies of animals), not molecular cloning. In the selection step of molecular cloning, the most common method scientists use to ensure that the cells got the plasmid is to use a microscope to look for cells that visibly have the plasmid in them. Correct Answer: Plasmids get into bacteria by the process of transformation, which can be caused by shocking the bacteria with heat.

 

Question: Which one of the following statements about heterologous protein production is true?

Which one of the following statements about heterologous protein production is true? Answer Options: Heterologous protein production occurs when an organism makes a protein by expressing (‘reading,’ or making RNA from) a gene that it got from another organism. The ‘expression host’ that performs heterologous protein production is always a yeast. An example of heterologous protein production is when a bacterial cell is given a plasmid and makes lots of copies of that plasmid. An example of heterologous protein production is when a bacterial cell is given human chromosomes and then becomes a human cell. Correct Answer: Heterologous protein production occurs when an organism makes a protein by expressing (‘reading,’ or making RNA from) a gene that it got from another organism.

 

Question: Pacemakers are medical devices made of metal and plastic that are implanted in the chests of people with heart rhythm abnormalities. They are connected to the heart through leads (wires) that send electrical impulses to the heart to regulate the heartbeat. Do pacemakers fit the definition of a product of biotechnology, as defined in this course?

Pacemakers are medical devices made of metal and plastic that are implanted in the chests of people with heart rhythm abnormalities. They are connected to the heart through leads (wires) that send electrical impulses to the heart to regulate the heartbeat. Do pacemakers fit the definition of a product of biotechnology, as defined in this course? Answer Options: Yes No Correct Answer: No

 

Question: Match the era of biotechnology to the most appropriate phrase about it.

Match the era of biotechnology to the most appropriate phrase about it. Answer Options: Ancient biotechnology Classical biotechnology Modern biotechnology The use of fermentation to make foods and beverages. The use of fermentation to make industrial products, such as chemicals. The use of biotechnology to make genetically-modified organisms. Correct Answer: Ancient biotechnology: The use of fermentation to make foods and beverages. Classical biotechnology: The use of fermentation to make industrial products, such as chemicals. Modern biotechnology: The use of biotechnology to make genetically-modified organisms.

 

Question: Which of the following was NOT one of the important discoveries that made Modern Biotechnology possible, according to the presentation you heard?

Which of the following was NOT one of the important discoveries that made Modern Biotechnology possible, according to the presentation you heard? Answer Options: The discovery that genetic material is inherited from parents. The discovery that genes encode proteins and other molecules. The discovery of vaccines. The discovery of what genes are. Correct Answer: The discovery of vaccines.

 

Question: Which of the following are considered to be microorganisms? Select ALL that are correct.

Which of the following are considered to be microorganisms? Select ALL that are correct. Answer Options: Bacteria Algae Viruses Mitochondria Lice Yeast Fungi Correct Answer: Bacteria Algae Yeast Fungi

 

Question: Which of the following describes the correct arrangement of these entities by size, starting with the smallest (1) and going up to the biggest (3)?

Which of the following describes the correct arrangement of these entities by size, starting with the smallest (1) and going up to the biggest (3)? Answer Options: Bacterium; 2. Virus; 3. Yeast Bacterium; 2. Yeast; 3. Virus Virus; 2. Bacterium; 3. Yeast Yeast; 2. Bacterium; 3. Virus Correct Answer: Virus; 2. Bacterium; 3. Yeast

 

Question: Which of the following are characteristics that all microorganisms share? Select ALL that apply.

Which of the following are characteristics that all microorganisms share? Select ALL that apply. Answer Options: Are bacteria. Can live as individual cells. Genetically similar (closely-related). Small size (microscopic). Correct Answer: Can live as individual cells. Small size (microscopic).

 

Question: Match these terms related to molecular cloning to the phrase that corresponds best to the term.

Match these terms related to molecular cloning to the phrase that corresponds best to the term. Answer Options: Transformation Recombinant Selection Restriction enzyme DNA ligase The process scientists use to find bacteria that received a plasmid during molecular cloning. The process used to put additional DNA into a bacterial cell. A molecule that cuts DNA. Referring to pieces of DNA that have been joined together in a new way. A molecule that joins pieces of DNA together. Correct Answer: Selection: The process scientists use to find bacteria that received a plasmid during molecular cloning. Transformation: The process used to put additional DNA into a bacterial cell. Restriction enzyme: A molecule that cuts DNA. Recombinant: Referring to pieces of DNA that have been joined together in a new way. DNA ligase: A molecule that joins pieces of DNA together.