Question: When exposed to new information, individuals attempt to place the incoming information into existing schemas by adapting or reconstructing them, which is called accommodation.
Answer Choices:
True
False
Answer: False
Question: Which of the following is a flaw of Piaget’s theory of Cognitive Development?
Answer Choices:
He underestimated the thinking capabilities of preschoolers and overestimated what adolescents can do.
He focused too much on social context.
He did not provide clear stages to help guide educators.
He focused too much on cultural aspects and not enough on cognition.
Answer: He underestimated the thinking capabilities of preschoolers and overestimated what adolescents can do.
Question: Start thinking about how you can apply this theory in the classroom: Imagine you are a Kindergarten teacher and a student shows signs of egocentric thinking by asking, “What’s this?” about an object that is out of your view. According to Piaget’s theory, what might be a helpful way to respond to help the child start to learn to consider others’ perspectives?
Answer Choices:
Move so that you can see the object.
Explain to the student that you cannot see the object that they are referring to.
Ignore the student.
None of the above would be helpful.
Answer: Explain to the student that you cannot see the object that they are referring to.
Question: Scaffolding is the process of providing assistance to learners within their ZPD (Zone of Proximal Development).
Answer Choices:
True
False
Answer: True
Question: Vygotsky proposed that cognitive development should be viewed within the context of only the physical world.
Answer Choices:
True
False
Answer: False
Question: Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development placed more emphasis on cultural aspects compared to Vygotsky’s theory.
Answer Choices:
True
False
Answer: False
Question: Meshawn is thinking about the many different ways in which the concept of a lever might be applied to everyday problems. Meshawn is exhibiting:
Answer Choices:
Bodily-kinesthetic intelligence
Situated cognition
Convergent thinking
Divergent thinking
Answer: Divergent thinking
Question: According to this theorist, the child is a noble savage. He had five children, whom he placed in an orphanage because he could not afford to feed them.
Answer Choices:
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
John Bowlby
Arnold Gesell
B. F. Skinner
Answer: Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Question: Vygotsky felt that children’s cognitive development was largely a result of their own efforts.
Answer Choices:
True
False
Answer: False
Question: A feeling of discomfort that motivates us to try to resolve the contradiction in some way.
Answer Choices:
Disequilibrium
Pre-operational
Formal operations
Answer: Disequilibrium
Question: Creativity often involves divergent thinking. Which one of the following is the best example of divergent thinking?
Answer Choices:
Marsha builds a bookcase by following directions she has found in a hobby magazine.
Frank solves several multiplication problems using a strategy he has learned for solving “5s” problems.
Lacking any wooden blocks to build an arch for his toy soldiers to march under, Thomas builds an arch using upside-down paper cups.
After reading in a library book about what hamsters like to eat, Jennifer gives her pet hamster a diet of vegetables, fruit, and hamster pellets to help him grow faster.
Answer: Lacking any wooden blocks to build an arch for his toy soldiers to march under, Thomas builds an arch using upside-down paper cups.
Question: This theorist’s bioecological theory views the child as developing within a complex system of relationships affected by multiple levels of the surrounding environment. He was the co-founder of Head Start.
Answer Choices:
Benjamin Spock
Jean Piaget
Urie Bronfenbrenner
Lev Vygotsky
Answer: Urie Bronfenbrenner
Question: Praise is an example of intrinsic motivation.
Answer Choices:
True
False
Answer: False
Question: Self-actualization refers to a person’s motivation to reach his or her full potential.
Answer Choices:
True
False
Answer: True
Question: This theorist constructed his theory of evolution after joining an expedition to distant parts of the world, where he observed infinite variation among plant and animal species. What he theorized interfered with the religious belief of the time, so he waited 17 years to publish his findings.
Answer Choices:
Charles Darwin
Benjamin Spock
Arnold Gesell
Erik Erikson
Answer: Charles Darwin
Question: Techniques that you can use that can help students accomplish challenging tasks in instructional contexts are collectively referred to as:
Answer Choices:
Saffolding
Zone of Proximal Development
Assimilation
Answer: Scaffolding