Question: Match Acid, Base, Buffer, and Electrolyte with their descriptions.

Answer Options: Acid Base Buffer Electrolyte

Answer: Electrolyte → dissociates into ions; Acid → donates H⁺; Base → accepts H⁺ or produces OH⁻; Buffer → maintains pH by accepting or donating H⁺. 25.

Question: Classify the electrolyte/acid-base statements as true or false.

Answer Options: True False

Answer: Na⁺ is critical for nerve and muscle function = True; ions decrease conductivity = False; carbonic acid/bicarbonate is an important blood buffer = True; it maintains blood pH around 7.35–7.45 = True. 26.

Question: _____ is the most abundant cation in intracellular fluid.

Answer Options: Sodium Calcium Potassium Magnesium

Answer: Potassium (K⁺). 27.

Question: pH is a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions [H⁺] in a substance.

Answer Options: True False

Answer: True. 28.

Question: When a buffered solution becomes too alkaline, the weak acid will bind to the _____ in the solution, lowering the pH.

Answer Options: Acids Bases Electrons Water

Answer: Bases. 29.

Question: Na⁺, Ca²⁺, and K⁺ are examples of _____ present in the human body.

Answer Options: Acids Bases Buffers Electrolytes

Answer: Electrolytes. 30.

Question: A substance with a pH below 7.0 is considered an acid.

Answer Options: True False

Answer: True. 31.

Question: Electrolytes function to maintain _____ in the human body.

Answer Options: Water balance pH Electrical conductivity All of the above

Answer: All of the above. 32.

Question: _____ regulates fluid movements in the body and forms hydrochloric acid in the stomach.

Answer Options: Ca²⁺ Cl⁻ K⁺ Na⁺

Answer: Cl⁻. 33.