Question: The carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system allows the blood pH to maintain a range of 7.35–7.45.
Answer: True. 34.
Question: Phenol red turns _____ when exhaling into unbuffered distilled water for 60 seconds.
Answer: Yellow. 35.
Question: Human saliva is pH neutral to slightly acidic.
Answer: True. 36.
Question: A(n) _____ is part of a setup used to measure electrical conductivity of a solution.
Answer: All of the above. 37.
Question: Na⁺ and Cl⁻ electrolytes decrease the conductivity of distilled water.
Answer: False. 38.
Question: Which body systems would malfunction to result in either acidosis or alkalosis?
Answer: The lungs and kidneys, because the lungs regulate CO₂ while the kidneys regulate hydrogen ions and bicarbonate. 39.
Question: What effect did the salt solution have on electrical conductivity through the water?
Answer: It increased conductivity because dissolved salt separated into charged ions that carried electrical current. 40.
Question: Which electrolytes were present in the salt solution, and what are their functions in the body?
Answer: Sodium (Na⁺) and chloride (Cl⁻). Sodium supports fluid balance, nerve impulses, and muscle contraction; chloride supports fluid balance and hydrochloric acid formation. Nutrition and Metabolism 41.