Question: Which of the following are one-way valves located between the atria and ventricles?

Answer Options:
Biaortic valve, Mitral valve, Aortic valve, Atrioventricular valves

Answer: Atrioventricular valves

 

Question: A newly developed pesticide has been observed to bind to an intracellular hormone receptor. If ingested, residue from this pesticide could disrupt levels of

Answer Options:
Melatonin, Thyroid hormone, Growth hormone, Insulin

Answer: Thyroid hormone

 

Question: Of the three germ layers that give rise to all adult tissues and organs, which gives rise to the heart?

Answer Options:
Ectoderm, Endoderm, Mesoderm, Placenta

Answer: Mesoderm

 

Question: Which vessels drain the heart and generally parallel the large surface arteries?

Answer Options:
Anterior cardiac veins, Circumflex veins, Coronary veins, Marginal veins

Answer: Coronary veins

 

Question: Which of the following terms would be used in the name of a muscle that moves the leg away from the body?

Answer Options:
Flexor, Adductor, Extensor, Abductor

Answer: Abductor

 

Question: Which portion of the ECG corresponds to repolarization of the atria?

Answer Options:
P wave, QRS complex, T wave, None of the above: atrial repolarization is masked by ventricular depolarization

Answer: None of the above: atrial repolarization is masked by ventricular depolarization

 

Question: The ______ is a continuous muscular digestive tube that extends from the mouth to the anus.

Answer Options:
Accessory duct, Cystic duct, Alimentary canal, Pancreatic duct

Answer: Alimentary canal

 

Question: A barrier to pathogens is the saliva in the mouth, which is rich in _______ which is an enzyme that destroys bacteria by digesting their cell walls.

Answer Options:
Mucous, Lysozyme, Periosome, Phagocytes

Answer: Lysozyme

 

Question: Which of the following anatomical structures is not part of the conducting zone?

Answer Options:
Pharynx, Nasal cavity, Alveoli, Bronchi

Answer: Alveoli

 

Question: Which of the following structures is not part of the bronchial tree?

Answer Options:
Alveoli, Bronchi, Terminal bronchioles, Respiratory bronchioles

Answer: Alveoli

 

Question: Which of the following processes does atmospheric pressure play a role in?

Answer Options:
Production of pulmonary surfactant, Pulmonary ventilation, Resistance, Surface tension

Answer: Pulmonary ventilation

 

Question: When do fetal breathing movements begin?

Answer Options:
Around week 20, Around week 37, Around week 16, After birth

Answer: Around week 16

 

Question: The partial pressure of carbon dioxide is 45 mm Hg in the blood and 40 mm Hg in the alveoli. What happens to the carbon dioxide?

Answer Options:
It diffuses into the blood, It diffuses into the alveoli, The gradient is too small for carbon dioxide to diffuse, It decomposes into carbon and oxygen

Answer: It diffuses into the alveoli

 

Question: Which is not a major function of the small intestine?

Answer Options:
Mixes chyme with digestive juices, Propels food at a rate slow enough for digestion and absorption, Stimulates protein-digesting enzymes, Performs physical digestion via segmentation

Answer: Stimulates protein-digesting enzymes

 

Question: What is the name of the area at the base of the bladder marked by the two ureters in the posterior-lateral aspect?

Answer Options:
Renin, Trigone, Mesangial, Fenestrations

Answer: Trigone

 

Question: The jejunum is about

Answer Options:
1 meter, 2 meters, 3 meters, 4 meters

Answer: 2 meters

 

Question: Which of the following is considered one of the essential characteristics of life?

Answer Options:
a. cognition
b. self-awareness
c. perception
d. metabolism

Answer: d. metabolism

 

Question: Which system of the body is responsible for initiating immune responses?

Answer Options:
a. cardiovascular
b. endocrine
c. lymphatic
d. respiratory

Answer: c. lymphatic

 

Question: Which of the following reactions is a major buffer in bodily fluids?

Answer Options:
a. NaOH → Na+ + OH-
b. HCl → H+ + Cl-
c. HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O
d. H2CO3 ↔ H+ + HCO3-

Answer: d. H2CO3 ↔ H+ + HCO3-

 

Question: At what stage of the menstrual cycle do LH levels begin to increase?

Answer Options:
a. menses
b. ovulation
c. proliferative phase
d. secretory phase

Answer: c. proliferative phase

 

Question: The walls of the intestines and stomach are composed of which of the following types of muscle tissue?

Answer Options:
a. cardiac
b. skeletal
c. smooth
d. synergistic

Answer: c. smooth

 

Question: Starting from the surface and moving inward, what are the layers of the integumentary system?

Answer Options:
a. dermis, epidermis, hypodermis
b. epidermis, dermis, hypodermis
c. epidermis, hypodermis, dermis
d. hypodermis, dermis, epidermis

Answer: b. epidermis, dermis, hypodermis

 

Question: In humans, the integumentary system produces what vitamin?

Answer Options:
a. A
b. B
c. D
d. K

Answer: c. D

 

Question: Melanin is produced in which of the following cells?

Answer Options:
a. cornified cells
b. keratinocytes
c. melanocytes
d. melanosomes

Answer: c. melanocytes

 

Question: Two systems for classifying joints are based on

Answer Options:
a. joint cavity size and the ability to regenerate damage
b. location and size
c. size and the number of muscular connections holding them together
d. range of motion and the type of connective tissue that holds them together

Answer: d. range of motion and the type of connective tissue that holds them together

 

Question: Joints that connect two bones and contain fibrocartilage are called

Answer Options:
a. sutures
b. symphyses
c. synchondroses
d. syndesmoses

Answer: b. symphyses