Question: Which of the following is NOT an objective of descriptive epidemiology?
Answer Choices:
Evaluate health trends and make comparisons.
Provide a foundation for planning, provision and evaluation of health services.
Test etiologic hypotheses and confirm causal associations.
Generate hypotheses to be studied by analytic methods.
Answer: Test etiologic hypotheses and confirm causal associations.
Question: In this step of the Scientific method, variables are manipulated in order to obtain an answer to the posed question.
Answer Choices:
Observation
Conclusion
Experiment
Analysis
Answer: Experiment
Question: “If I drive drunk I’ll crash. I crashed, so I must be drunk.”
Answer Choices:
A. Ad Hominem
B. Post Hoc
C. Affirming the consequent
D. None of the above
Answer: C. Affirming the consequent
Question: In deductive arguments, _______.
Answer Choices:
A. The person support the conclusion probabilistically
B. The premises can make the argument stronger
C. The conclusion is intended to follow necessarily from the premises
Answer: C. The conclusion is intended to follow necessarily from the premises
Question: Who used vital statistics and other statistics to describe epidemiologic problems, developed the multifactorial etiology?
Answer Choices:
Hippocrates
James Lind
John Snow
John Graunt
William Farr
Answer: William Farr
Question: What is the contrapositive of the statement “All sunsets are beautiful things”?
Answer Choices:
All non-sunsets are not non-beautiful.
All beautiful things are non-sunsets.
No beautiful things are sunsets.
none of these
Answer: All non-sunsets are not non-beautiful.
Question: In logic, which of the following, known as affirming the antecedent, can be expressed as: “If P, then Q. P happened. Therefore Q happened”?
Answer Choices:
Tautology
Modus ponens
Modus tollens
Categorical syllogism
Answer: Modus ponens
Question: If you eat candy all that candy then you will get sick. If you get sick then you won’t be able to go to the dance. If you don’t go to the dance you won’t be able to dance with Hilary. If you don’t get to dance with Hilary then you will be miserable. So you shouldn’t eat it.
What is the conclusion of this argument?
Answer Choices:
A. Hilary hates candy
B. You shouldn’t go to the dance
C. You shouldn’t eat all that candy
D. Misery is bad
Answer: C. You shouldn’t eat all that candy
Question: Which type of inductive argument is the following:
“Almost all dogs like to chase cats. Fido is a dog, so he probably likes to chase cats.”
Answer Choices:
A. Statistical Syllogism
B. Inductive Generalization
C. Appeal to Authority
D. Inference to the Best Explanation
Answer: A. Statistical Syllogism
Question: What type of inductive argument is the following example?
The garbage cans were not picked up today; it must be some kind of holiday.
Answer Choices:
A. Argument from analogy
B. Inductive generalization
C. Statistical syllogism
D. Inference to the best explanation
Answer: D. Inference to the best explanation
Question: Mill’s methods claim that if two or more cases share the same effect and share only one common characteristic, then this characteristic may be related to the cause of the effect. Which of Mill’s methods does this describe?
Answer Choices:
A. Method of agreement
B. Method of difference
Answer: A. Method of agreement
Question: Which term is in the subject position of the sentence “Every question is answerable”?
Answer Choices:
question
unanswerable
Every
This sentence doesn’t have a subject position.
Every question
Answer: Every question
Question: Good explanations often can explain other phenomena. The name for this is _________.
Answer Choices:
A. explanatory power
B. fecundity
C. testability
D. No Answer Provided
Answer: A. explanatory power
Question: Which of the following is not a typical misconception about logic?
Answer Choices:
It does not need to be learned.
It is the systematic study and evaluation of arguments.
It is something that only nonhuman animals are capable of.
It is too hard.
Answer: It is the systematic study and evaluation of arguments.
Question: A fallacy is __________.
Answer Choices:
an argument with a false premise.
an argument with a false conclusion.
an indirectly weak argument.
a common pattern of reasoning with a high likelihood of leading to a false conclusion.
Answer: a common pattern of reasoning with a high likelihood of leading to a false conclusion.