Question: The female athlete triad refers to ________.

Answer Choices:
a female athlete who has a dietary deficiency in iron, calcium, and zinc

a female who has high estrogen, high bone mineral density, and is an elite athlete

a female athlete who has a combination of low bone mineral density, amenorrhea, and low energy availability

the three bone fracture sites that occur commonly in female athletes: wrist, vertebrae, and hip

Answer: a female athlete who has a combination of low bone mineral density, amenorrhea, and low energy availability

 

Question: Which of the following foods would be considered a poor source of iron?

Answer Choices:
Whole grain cereal

Chicken

Milk

Beef

Answer: Milk

 

Question: Which of the following is not a major function of zinc?

Answer Choices:
Regulation of gene expression

Promotion of immune system functions

Maintenance of fluid balance

Promotion of eye health

Answer: Maintenance of fluid balance

 

Question: Which of the following factors increases the bioavailability of iron?

Answer Choices:
Consumption of vitamin C

Consumption of nonheme iron

Consumption of tannins (from tea)

Taking a medication that reduces acidity in the stomach

Answer: Consumption of vitamin C

 

Question: Which of the following is classified as a trace mineral?

Answer Choices:
Chloride

Sodium

Selenium

Sulfur

Answer: Selenium

 

Question: The most important role of chromium in health is as part of ________, which helps to optimize the activity of insulin.

Answer Choices:
red blood cells

glucose tolerance factor

superoxide dismutase

hemoglobin

Answer: glucose tolerance factor

 

Question: What disease is prevalent in the elderly and may be due to an inadequate calcium intake during childhood, adolescence, and/or young adulthood?

Answer Choices:
Xerophthalmia

Osteoporosis

Pernicious anemia

Rickets

Answer: Osteoporosis

 

Question: Trace minerals ________.

Answer Choices:
are found in large quantities in most processed foods

have physiological roles that may have important implications for health or physical performance

are hard to obtain, and minor deficiencies are common

are abundant, and dietary excesses are common

Answer: have physiological roles that may have important implications for health or physical performance

 

Question: To maximize calcium absorption from the GI tract, Tonya should consume ________.

Answer Choices:
a high-fiber diet

more spinach, which contains oxalic acid

adequate vitamin D

a high-phosphorus diet

Answer: adequate vitamin D

 

Question: Magnesium ________.

Answer Choices:
plays an important role in energy metabolism, muscle activity, and heart health

is the third most abundant mineral in the human body

is found only in animal foods, making vegans at the greatest risk for a deficiency

is a mineral that, when deficient, can cause anemia

Answer: plays an important role in energy metabolism, muscle activity, and heart health

 

Question: Which of the following minerals is most important to bone health?

Answer Choices:
Phosphorus

Selenium

Sodium

Zinc

Answer: Phosphorus

 

Question: Which of the following minerals plays the most important role in preventing dental caries or cavities?

Answer Choices:
Chromium

Manganese

Iodine

Fluoride

Answer: Fluoride

 

Question: Fresh fruits and vegetables are generally ________.

Answer Choices:
high in vitamin A and low in vitamin C

high in iron and low in the B vitamins

high in potassium and low in sodium

high in iron and low in calcium

Answer: high in potassium and low in sodium

 

Question: Soft drinks often have a relatively high phosphate content. As such, consuming large amounts of soft drinks can decrease calcium absorption and increase a person’s risk for osteoporosis.

Answer Choices:
True

False

Answer: True