Question: A college student goes to school with a scratchy throat, the sniffles, and a headache. She feels achy, but she can’t say for certain whether she is sick or not. This level of illness is called which one of the following?

Answer Choices:
The prodromal phase.
The clinical phase.
The incubation stage.
The subclinical phase.

Answer: The prodromal phase

 

Question: The underlying pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis includes which one of the following?

Answer Choices:
The production of stiff, misshapen red blood cells.
The failure of chloride channels, resulting in thick, sticky mucous.
The failure of the calcium pathways, resulting in weakness of muscles.
The buildup of lipids in the brain, resulting in seizures, coma, and death.

Answer: The failure of chloride channels, resulting in thick, sticky mucous

 

Question: A college student is taking 16 credits, holds a part-time job, and likes to party. She sleeps 5 hours a night, eats at fast-food places, and crams all night for tests. These lifestyle details are considered to be which one of the following?

Answer Choices:
The complications of disease.
Risk factors for disease.
The etiology of disease.
The signs and symptoms of disease.

Answer: Risk factors for disease

 

Question: A pregnant patient is 42 years old. Her fetus is at higher risk for developing which one of the following disorders?

Answer Choices:
Tay-Sach’s Disease.
Aplasia of the limbs.
Microcephaly.
Down’s Syndrome.

Answer: Down’s Syndrome

 

Question: Woody Guthrie had Huntington’s disease prior to the development of genetic testing… What were the chances that his son Arlo Guthrie inherited the gene?

Answer Choices:
75% or three out of four.
50% or two out of four.
25% or one out of four.
100% or four out of four.

Answer: 50% or two out of four

 

Question: A nurse needs to know the pathophysiology of a disease for which of the following reasons?

Answer Choices:
Reducing the risk factors to prevent disease.
Reducing the impact of a disease in progress.
Making an accurate medical diagnosis and prescribing appropriate treatment.
Anticipating and preventing or minimizing complications.
Case finding and early detection.

Answer: Making an accurate medical diagnosis and prescribing appropriate treatment

 

Question: The college student goes home with a temperature of 102 F, nausea, vomiting, and a cough. Her doctor tells her that she has an infection with Influenza Type A virus. The influenza virus is considered to be which part of the illness?

Answer Choices:
A risk factor for the disease.
The etiology of the disease.
The pathogenesis of the disease.
A predisposing factor for the disease.

Answer: The etiology of the disease

 

Question: An African-American couple should specifically be tested to see if they are carriers for which one of the following diseases?

Answer Choices:
Sickle cell anemia.
Cystic fibrosis.
Tay-Sach’s disease.
Thalassemia major.

Answer: Sickle cell anemia

 

Question: The college student with the flu later develops pneumonia. The pneumonia would be considered to be which one of the following?

Answer Choices:
A complication of the flu.
A risk factor of the flu.
A symptom or sign of the flu.
A sequella of the flu.

Answer: A complication of the flu

 

Question: 50% of Pima Indians over age 40 suffer from diabetes mellitus Type 2… This illustrates the typical pattern of which type of genetic illness?

Answer Choices:
Autosomal recessive disorders.
Polygenic disorders.
Chromosome disorders.
Autosomal dominant disorders.

Answer: Polygenic disorders

 

Question: Scientists are now studying whether pollutants in the water may be causing an increase in the number of children born with autism… The pollutants would be an example of which one of the following?

Answer Choices:
Allergens.
Teratogens.
Carcinogens.
Toxins.

Answer: Teratogens

 

Question: Which one of the following is a teratogenic disorder?

Answer Choices:
Zika microcephaly.
Down’s Syndrome.
Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome.
Turner’s Syndrome.

Answer: Zika microcephaly