Question: The patient has a history of smoking and is now hospitalized with pneumonia. The nurse would expect his arterial blood gases on admission to reflect which one of the following conditions?
Answer Choices:
Metabolic acidosis.
Respiratory alkalosis.
Metabolic alkalosis.
Respiratory acidosis.
Answer: Respiratory acidosis
Question: If a nurse accidentally flushes a medlock with a potassium solution instead of a saline solution, which one of the following is most likely to occur?
Answer Choices:
The patient’s sodium levels will decrease.
The patient will go into cardiac arrest.
The patient will suffer renal damage.
The patient will complain of palpitations.
Answer: The patient will complain of palpitations
Question: Which of the following are considered to be warning signs of cancer?
Answer Choices:
bilateral leg edema
changes in a wart or mole
unexplained weight loss
unusual bleeding or bruising
cloudy, foul-smelling urine
Answer: changes in a wart or mole, unexplained weight loss, unusual bleeding or bruising
Question: A surgeon would spend time identifying and removing the sentinel node of a malignant tumor for which one of the following reasons?
Answer Choices:
Removing only the sentinel node reduces the chances of lymphedema.
The sentinel node identifies where the cancer started.
The condition of the sentinel node helps evaluate the effectiveness of chemotherapy.
Removing the sentinel node prevents the cancer from spreading.
Answer: Removing only the sentinel node reduces the chances of lymphedema
Question: The patient’s intake for 24 hours includes 1200 mL of IV fluid and 1800 mL orally… Which of the following is the priority assessment that the nurse should conduct first?
Answer Choices:
Press on the patient’s ankles.
Assess the skin and mucous membranes.
Listen to the patient’s lungs.
Weigh the patient.
Answer: Listen to the patient’s lungs
Question: Which one of the following conditions would cause fluid overload?
Answer Choices:
Addison’s Disease.
Diabetes mellitus.
Intestinal obstruction.
Cushing’s Syndrome.
Answer: Cushing’s Syndrome
Question: Which of the following substances are classified as carcinogens?
Answer Choices:
asbestos.
smoking.
thalidomide.
radiation exposure.
toxoplasmosis.
Answer: asbestos, smoking, radiation exposure
Question: Which one of the following types of cellular alterations is considered pre-cancerous?
Answer Choices:
Hyperplasia.
Dysplasia.
Anaplasia.
Metaplasia.
Answer: Dysplasia
Question: Benign tumors may progress to cancer if which one of the following is present?
Answer Choices:
The benign tumors are encapsulated.
The benign tumors have a normal p53 gene.
The benign tumors are well differentiated.
The benign tumors are chronically irritated.
Answer: The benign tumors are chronically irritated
Question: The 18-year-old patient is admitted with deep, rapid respirations and a fruity odor on his breath… Which one of the following acid/base imbalances is he suffering from?
Answer Choices:
Respiratory acidosis.
Metabolic acidosis.
Respiratory alkalosis.
Metabolic alkalosis.
Answer: Metabolic acidosis